A History of Science — Volume 3Williams, Henry Smith
History
A History of Science — Volume 3
Williams, Henry Smith
Science -- History
The importance of this discovery was at once recognized by Sir Humphry
Davy, who began experimenting immediately in this new field. He
constructed a series of batteries in various combinations, with which
he attacked the "fixed alkalies," the composition of which was then
unknown. Very shortly he was able to decompose potash into bright
metallic globules, resembling quicksilver. This new substance he named
"potassium." Then in rapid succession the elementary substances sodium,
calcium, strontium, and magnesium were isolated.
It was soon discovered, also, that the new electricity, like the old,
possessed heating power under certain conditions, even to the fusing of
pieces of wire. This observation was probably first made by Frommsdorff,
but it was elaborated by Davy, who constructed a battery of two thousand
cells with which he produced a bright light from points of carbon--the
prototype of the modern arc lamp. He made this demonstration before the
members of the Royal Institution in 1810. But the practical utility of
such a light for illuminating purposes was still a thing of the future.
The expense of constructing and maintaining such an elaborate battery,
and the rapid internal destruction of its plates, together with the
constant polarization, rendered its use in practical illumination out of
the question. It was not until another method of generating electricity
was discovered that Davy's demonstration could be turned to practical
account.
In Davy's own account of his experiment he says:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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