--------------------------------------------------------------------- | Great |Ger-| U.S. | | | | | |Britain|many|(1916)|France|Japan|Russia|Italy|Austria ---------------|-------|----|------|------|-----|------|-----|------- Dreadnoughts | 20 | 13 | 12 | 4 | 2 | .. | 3 | 3 ---------------|-------|----|------|------|-----|------|-----|------- Pre-dreadn'ts | 40 | 20 | 21 | 18 | 13 | 7 | 8 | 6 ---------------|-------|----|------|------|-----|------|-----|------- Battle Cruisers| 9 | 4 | .. | .. | 2 | .. | .. | .. ---------------|-------|----|------|------|-----|------|-----|------- Armored Cr's | 34 | 9 | 10 | 20 | 13 | 6 | 9 | 2 ---------------|-------|----|------|------|-----|------|-----|------- Cruisers | 74 | 41 | 14 | 9 | 13 | 9 | 6 | 5 ---------------|-------|----|------|------|-----|------|-----|------- Destroyers | 167 |130 | 54 | 84 | 50 | 91 | 36 | 18 ---------------|-------|----|------|------|-----|------|-----|------- Submarines | 78 | 30 | 44 | 64 | 13 | 30 | 19 | 6 --------------------------------------------------------------------- Owing to new construction, these figures underwent rapid change. Thus England added 4 dreadnoughts (2 built for Turkey) in August, 1914; the battle cruiser _Tiger_ in November; the dreadnought _Canada_ and 5 _Queen Elizabeths_ in 1915; and 5 _Royal Sovereigns_ in 1915-1916. In comparisons, full account is not always taken of the naval support of England's allies; it is true, however, that the necessity of protecting coasts, troop convoys, and commerce prevented her from throwing her full strength into the North Sea. Her capital ships were in two main divisions--the 1st or Grand Fleet in the Orkneys, and the 2d fleet, consisting at first of 16 pre-dreadnoughts, in the Channel. Admiral Jellico[1] gives the strength of the Grand Fleet and the German High Seas Fleet, on August 4, 1914, as follows: [Footnote 1: THE GRAND FLEET, p. 31.] -------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Pre- | | | | | |Dread- |Dread- | Battle | Light |Destroyers| Air-|Cruisers |noughts|noughts|cruisers|cruisers| |ships| -------|-------|-------|--------|--------|----------|-----|--------- British| 20 | 8 | 4 | 12 | 42 | .. | 9 German | 13 | 16 | 3 | 15 | 88 | 1 | 2 --------------------------------------------------------------------