[X-8] Ibid., p. 97. [X-9] Ibid., p. 92. [X-10] Ibid., p. 88. [X-11] Ibid., p. 90. [X-12] Ibid., p. 96. [X-13] Ibid., p. 110, cf. Bacon, _The New Atlantis_ in Ideal Commonwealths, Collier, 1901, p. 125. [X-14] Ibid., p. 131. [X-15] Ibid., p. 93. [X-16] Ibid., p. 115. [X-17] Ibid., p. 117, cf. Campanella, _The City of the Sun_, in Ideal Commonwealths, Collier, 1901, p. 157. [X-18] Ibid., p. 174. [X-19] Ibid., p. 95. [X-20] Ibid., p. 101. [X-21] Ibid., p. 175. [X-22] Ibid., p. 174. [X-23] Ibid., pp. 153 ff. [X-24] Ibid., p. 154. [X-25] Ibid., p. 103. [X-26] Ibid., pp. 140, 141. [X-27] Ibid., p. 67. [X-28] Bacon, _The New Atlantis_ in Ideal Commonwealths, Collier, 1901, pp. 135 ff. [X-29] Bellamy, _Looking Backward_, Grosset and Dunlap, 1898, p. 57. [X-30] Ibid., p. 88. [X-31] Ibid., p. 89. [X-32] Ibid., p. 67. [X-33] Ibid., p. 192. [X-34] Ibid., pp. 220 ff. [X-35] Ibid., pp. 287 ff. [X-36] H. G. Wells, _Anticipations_, _Mankind in the Making_, and _A Modern Utopia_. See _A Modern Utopia_, Scribner, 1905, pp. 5, 11. CHAPTER XI [XI-1] Machiavelli, _The Prince_, Routledge, London, n.d., p. 53. [XI-2] Ibid., pp. 104, 105. [XI-3] Ibid., p. 71. [XI-4] Ibid., p. 77. [XI-5] Hobbes, _Leviathan_, Putnam, 1904, Ch. XIII. [XI-6] Locke, _Two Treatises on Government_, Routledge, n.d., p. 18. [XI-7] Ibid., p. 193. [XI-8] Ibid., p. 199. [XI-9] Ibid., p. 315. [XI-10] Rousseau, _Contrat social_, Garnier, Paris, p. 240. [XI-11] Ibid., p. 246. [XI-12] Ibid., p. 249. [XI-13] John Winthrop in _Selections from Early American Writers, 1607–1800_, edit. by W. B. Cairns, Macmillan, 1910, p. 52. [XI-14] _A Treatise of Human Nature_, edit. by Selby-Bigge, Oxford, 1896, II:777, 114, 140, 150. [XI-15] Ibid., p. 534. [XI-16] Ibid., p. 546. [XI-17] Adam Smith, _The Wealth of Nations_, Putnam, 1904, II:114. [XI-18] Ibid., II:83. [XI-19] Ibid., II:143. [XI-20] Ibid., II:203. [XI-21] Ibid., I:80. [XI-22] Ibid., I:81. [XI-23] Ibid., II:203–207. [XI-24] Ibid., I:11. [XI-25] Kant, _Theory of Ethics_, trans. by Abbott, p. 9. [XI-26] Hegel, _Philosophy of Right_, trans. by Dyde, Part III, p. 150. [XI-27] W. G. Sumner, _What Social Classes Owe to Each Other_, Harper, 1920, p. 12. [XI-28] Ibid., p 25. [XI-29] Publications of the American Sociological Society, Vol. XV. CHAPTER XII [XII-1] Adam Smith, _Wealth of Nations_, Putnam, 1901, I:81. [XII-2] Ibid., p. 147. [XII-3] _An Essay on the Principle of Population_, eighth edit., Reeves and Turner, 1878, p. 1; cf. W. S. Thompson, _Population: A Study in Malthusianism_, Columbia University, 1915, Ch. I. [XII-4] Ibid., p. 2. [XII-5] Ibid., p. 8. [XII-6] Ibid., p. 9. [XII-7] Ibid., p. 13. [XII-8] Ibid., p. 371. [XII-9] Ibid., p. 402. [XII-10] Ibid., p. 416. [XII-11] Ibid., p. 437. [XII-12] Ibid., p. 481. [XII-13] T. N. Carver, _Essays in Social Justice_, Harvard University Press, 1915, Ch. XIV.