The Mucury, whose principal head springs to the south of the serra Esmeraldas, after receiving by the left margin the large and small Preto, and lower, the Todos os Santos on the right, enters the province of Porto Seguro, where it increases, and falls into the ocean. The territory which this river passes, (before leaving the comarca,) and its said tributaries, was formerly possessed by the _Macuni_, _Panhame_, _Capocho_, and _Machacary_ Indians. At the present day the ferocious _Aimbores_ are its wandering inhabitants. The first river Preto, about ten miles above its mouth, gathers on the left the small stream of Americanas, formed by three rivulets issuing from the same serra. Near the central one was found in 1811, a beautiful _aqua-marina_, of more than fifteen pounds weight, and another of four pounds. The Sassuhy, the Corrente, and the St. Antonio, are tributaries of the river Doce, and flow through the most southern part of the comarca. [Illustration: _On Stone by C. Shoosmith from a Sketch by Jas. Henderson._ _Printed by C. Hullmandel._ AN OFFICER OF CAVALRY IN MINAS GERAES, AND A HERMIT.] Villa do Principe, the head of the comarca, and residence of its ouvidor, (who fills other offices,) is considerable, well supplied, and possesses a church of the Lady of Conceiçao, a chapel of the Lord of Matozinhos, another of St. Rita, three of the Lady of Purificaçao, Carmo, and Rozario. It is ill situated, has only one good street, and was erected into a town in the year 1714. It has a Juiz de Fora, a royal professor of Latin, and a smelting house for gold, with the same appointments as that of Sabara. This town is in the vicinity of the serra Lapa, two miles distant from the river Peixe, (a branch of the St. Antonio,) near one hundred north-east of Sabara, one hundred and ten north-north-east of Marianna, and three hundred and seventy almost north-west of Rio de Janeiro. The inhabitants are miners, and cultivators of Indian corn, legumes, cotton, and sugar; the whites constitute twenty-two companies of infantry, the mulattoes thirteen, and the free blacks six. The revenue of the vicarship amounts to twelve thousand crusades, and that of the camara to seven. In the whole of the comarca there are two regiments of cavalry, one of eight, and the other of nine companies. Within the district of the last town, and at a distance of forty miles, is the large arraial and parish of Conceiçao, in whose environs is the serra of Gaspar Soares, abundant in iron mines, for the working of which a royal establishment is forming.