A History of the British Army, Vol. 1: First Part—to the Close of the Seven Years' WarFortescue, J. W. (John William), Sir
History
A History of the British Army, Vol. 1: First Part—to the Close of the Seven Years' War
Fortescue, J. W. (John William), Sir
Great Britain -- History, Military; Great Britain. Army -- History
For the moment the Parliament was awed into concessions and
promises, but its leaders did not lightly submit to humiliation,
and rather than yield to the Army looked about for a force to
countervail it. First they turned to the City of London, which
was strongly Presbyterian, and sought an armed force in the City
train-bands. Next they resorted to Scotland, which was intensely
jealous of the New Model, and formed a coalition with it in favour
of the King, thereby sowing the seeds of a quarrel between North
and South Britain. Finally, after stultifying itself by a promise
of attention to the Army's complaints, it passed an Ordinance for
its disbandment without further ado. This was past endurance. The
soldiers broke into open mutiny; and Fairfax and Cromwell, having
striven in vain to gain justice for their men, and at the same time
to keep them in subordination to the Parliament, placed themselves
at the head of a movement which they could no longer repress. It
was indeed high time, for the Presbyterian leaders had already
invited the Prince of Wales to place himself at the head of the
Scots for an invasion of England.
[Sidenote: August 6.]
On the 4th of June the Army assembled about four miles from
Newmarket at Kentford Heath. There in the course of the next
few days it erected a general council, composed of the general
officers who had taken the side of the men and of two officers and
two privates from each regiment, and made a written declaration
of its policy. Still the Parliament remained obstinate, and now
endeavoured to enlist the discharged soldiers of the earlier armies
in order to meet force with force. The Army advanced to Triplow
Heath, whither Parliament sent a last message to propose terms for
an agreement. The overtures were rejected, and the Army continued
its advance. In panic fear the Parliament now offered bribes to
any officers or men who would desert the Army. This contemptible
device was a total failure. It then tried to raise troops, to
reopen negotiations with the Army, to call out the London trained
bands, to forbid the Army's further advance, to gain certain
troops, which were not of the New Model, from the north; all was
in vain. Irresistible as fate, the Army marched on. At St. Albans
it halted and issued a manifesto demanding the expulsion of eleven
of its enemies from the Commons, and receiving no encouragement
advanced to Uxbridge. There again it halted and spent three weeks
in the hopeless effort to arrange a peaceful settlement with the
King; and finally it marched straight into London and occupied the
capital.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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