A History of the British Army, Vol. 1: First Part—to the Close of the Seven Years' WarFortescue, J. W. (John William), Sir
History
A History of the British Army, Vol. 1: First Part—to the Close of the Seven Years' War
Fortescue, J. W. (John William), Sir
Great Britain -- History, Military; Great Britain. Army -- History
But on the Dutch side also there was a young man, born in the same
year as Churchill, who was to show lesser qualities indeed as an
officer, though, as his opportunity permitted him, perhaps hardly
inferior qualities as a man. William of Orange, long excluded by
the jealousy of faction from the station and the duties of his
rank, with firm resolution and unshaken nerve assumed the command
of the United Provinces, and began the great work of his life, the
work which was to be finally accomplished by the handsome English
soldier in the enemy's camp, of taming the insolence of the French.
[Sidenote: 1674.]
It is unnecessary to dwell further on the story of this campaign.
The courage of William sufficed to tide Holland over the moment of
supreme danger; and, the crisis once passed, Austria and Spain,
alarmed at the designs of Lewis, hastened to her assistance.
Charles made peace with the Dutch in 1674, and, while declining
to withdraw the English troops in the French service, promised to
recruit them no further. Churchill came home to be colonel of the
Second Foot; and from the troops disbanded at the close of the war,
were formed three English regiments for the service of the Prince
of Orange. Among their officers was James Graham of Claverhouse. We
shall meet with him again, and we shall see two of the regiments
also return in due time, like their prototype, the Buffs, to take
their place in the English infantry of the Line.
[Sidenote: 1680.]
[Sidenote: 1684.]
With the treaty of 1674 the wars of Charles the Second came to
an end. It was not that the people of England were unwilling
to fight. They were heart and soul against the French; and the
Commons cheerfully voted large sums for army and fleet while the
war lasted, asking only that the money might be expended on its
legitimate object. But the crookedness and untrustworthiness of
the King were fatal to all military enterprise, and indeed to all
honest administration. Though the military force of England was
far too small for the safety of her possessions abroad, Parliament
never ceased to denounce the evils of standing armies, and to
clamour for the disbanding of all regiments. In the days of
Cromwell the burden of the red-coats had been grievous to be borne,
but Oliver had at all events made England respected in Europe.
Charles sought to impose a like burden, but without sympathy for
England's quarrels, and without care for England's glory. He made
shift, nevertheless, to keep his existing regiments throughout his
reign, and in 1680 even to add another to them for the service
of Tangier. In 1684 that ill-fated possession, having cost many
thousands of lives and witnessed as gallant feats of arms as ever
were wrought by English soldiers, was finally abandoned; though
not before the English had learned one secret of Oriental warfare.
In March 1663, after long endurance of incessant harassing attacks
from the Moors, the Governor, who had hitherto stood on the
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