[Footnote 2: Originally given for six pays, afterwards continued for further period of six pays, and again extended until pays ending 15th and 22nd April 1899; it was then continued as an ordinary advance.] [Footnote 3: Of this advance one and a quarter per cent. was given for seven pays, and afterwards merged in the ordinary percentage.] APPENDIX III Table showing the explosions and inundations, with the date and number of lives lost, since the beginning of 1869, in Durham, brought down to the end of 1906, with two statements on the dust theory by Mr J. Forman. Lives lost 1869--May 25, Monkwearmouth 7 1871--October 25, Seaham 30 1878--July 6, Craghead exploded 4 1880--September 8, Seaham Colliery exploded 168 1882--February 16, Trimdon Colliery exploded 74 1882--April 18, Tudhoe exploded 36 1882--April 13, West Stanley exploded 13 1885--March 2, Usworth exploded 41 1885--June 3, Houghton-le-Spring 12 1885--December 2, Elemore 28 1889--November 2, Hebburn 6 1895--December 13, Eppleton 3 1896--April 13, Brancepeth A Pit 20 1897--May 6, East Hetton, inundation 10 1899--August 15, Brandon C Pit 6 1902--May 20, Deaf Hill 1 1903--November 16, Sacriston, inundation 3 1906--October 14, Wingate, explosion 24 1906--December 17, Urpeth Busty, explosion 4 A THEORY SHOWING HOW COAL DUST IS IGNITED AND EXPLODED IN A COAL MINE, MORE ESPECIALLY ON IN-TAKE AIR ROADS In the first place, there must be a considerable quantity of very fine and dry coal dust in the immediate proximity of a shot when fired; and if the shot is a strong one the concussion will be very great. This force, acting on the air, throws the finest particles of coal dust into the circulating current, in a finely divided state, with orbid motion, thereby causing each particle of coal dust to be surrounded with air, and these particles of dust in this condition coming in contact with the flame of a shot, are easily ignited. At the moment of ignition the temperature of the particles of dust is low, but as the ignition extends to other particles, and they become ignited in quantity, the temperature rises, so that the motion of the heated particles becomes more rapid by expanding and compressing the air, until their velocity is so great that the temperature of the burning dust is raised to the temperature of gas flame, exploding the coal dust in its course.