A History of the Growth of the Steam-EngineThurston, Robert Henry
History
A History of the Growth of the Steam-Engine
Thurston, Robert Henry
Steam-engines -- History
In the new firm, Boulton took charge of the general business, and Watt
superintended the design, construction, and erection of their engines.
Boulton's business capacity, with Watt's wonderful mechanical
ability--Boulton's physical health, and his vigor and courage,
offsetting Watt's feeble health and depression of spirits--and, more
than all, Boulton's pecuniary resources, both in his own purse and in
those of his friends, enabled the firm to conquer all difficulties,
whether in finance, in litigation, or in engineering.
It was only after the successful erection and operation of several
engines that Boulton and Watt became legally partners. The understood
terms were explicitly stated by Watt to include an assignment to
Boulton of two-thirds the patent-right; Boulton paying all expenses,
advancing stock in trade at an appraised valuation, on which it was to
draw interest; Watt making all drawings and designs, and drawing
one-third net profits.
As soon as Watt was relieved of the uncertainties regarding his
business connections, he married a second wife, who, as Arago says, by
"her various talent, soundness of judgment, and strength of
character," made a worthy companion to the large-hearted and
large-brained engineer. Thenceforward his cares were only such as
every business-man expects to be compelled to sustain, and the next
ten years were the most prolific in inventions of any period in Watt's
life.
From 1775 to 1785 the partners acquired five patents, covering a large
number of valuable improvements upon the steam-engine, and several
independent inventions. The first of these patents covered the now
familiar and universally-used copying-press for letters, and a
machine for drying cloth by passing it between copper rollers filled
with steam of sufficiently high temperature to rapidly evaporate the
moisture. This patent was issued February 14, 1780.
[Illustration: FIG. 27.--Watt's Engine, 1781.]
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