A History of the Old English Letter Foundries: with Notes, Historical and Bibliographical, on the Rise and Progress of English Typography.Reed, Talbot Baines
History
A History of the Old English Letter Foundries: with Notes, Historical and Bibliographical, on the Rise and Progress of English Typography.
Reed, Talbot Baines
Printing -- England -- History; Type and type-founding -- England -- History
Printing was practised at Oxford within a year of the introduction
of the art into England. Setting aside the legend of Corsellis and
the “1468” _Exposicio Simboli_, we find that a printer, presumably
Theodoric Rood, from Cologne, was settled here in 1478, and issued
three works anonymously from his press during that and the following
year. Between 1480 and 1483, Rood printed eight works bearing his own
name, and in 1485 and 1486, in partnership with an Englishman named
Thomas Hunte, he produced six more.
Whether the first Oxford printer made his own type or procured it from
abroad, we have no information, but the distinctly Cologne character of
the two earliest founts favours the supposition that, like Caxton, he
brought at any rate his first types with him from the Continent. The
vague reference which Rood and Hunte make to their labours at the end
of the _Phalaridis Epistolæ_ in 1485,[230] does not throw much light on
the question, although the boast of an independent discovery of the art
of printing there recorded may possibly mean that towards the close of
their career they had arrived at a knowledge of the mystery of making
their own types.
Without attempting a detailed examination of the seventeen works of
the {138} first Oxford printers, we observe that during the eight
years in which they practised their art, they made use of seven
different kinds of type, which arrange themselves chronologically as
follows[231] :
+───────+───────────────────────────────────+───────+──────────────────────+
│ KNOWN │ │ │ │
│ DATE. │ TITLE. │ TYPE. │ GROUP. │
+───────+───────────────────────────────────+───────+──────────────────────+
│“1468”†│_Exposicio Symboli_ │ a │ Group I, “1468”-1479.│
│ 1479 │_Aristotelis Ethica_ │ a │ (No printer’s name.) │
│ 1479 │_Ægidius de peccato originali_ │ a │ │
+───────+───────────────────────────────────+───────+──────────────────────+
│ ... │_Cicero pro Milone_ │ b │ │
│ ... │_Latin Grammar in English_ │ b │ Group II, 1481–82. │
│ 1481 │_Alexander de Ales. Expositio │ │ (Theodoric Rood.) │
│ │ de Animâ._ Two Editions │ b,c │ │
│ 1482 │_Lattebury. Morales._ Two editions │ b,c │ │
+───────+───────────────────────────────────+───────+──────────────────────+
│ ... │_Hampole. Explanationes_ │ d,e │ │
│ ... │_Swyneshed. Insolubilia_ │ d,e │ │
│ ... │_Anwykyll. Compendium._ 1st edition│d[e?]f │ │
│ ... │_Anwykyll. Compendium._ 2nd edition│ d,f │ Group III, 1483–86. │
│ ... │_Lyndewode. Constitutiones_ │c,d,e,f│ (Rood and Hunte.) │
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