A history of the Peninsular War, Vol. 6, September 1, 1812-August 5, 1813 : $b The siege of Burgos, the retreat from Burgos, the campaign of Vittoria, the battles of the PyreneesOman, Charles
History
A history of the Peninsular War, Vol. 6, September 1, 1812-August 5, 1813 : $b The siege of Burgos, the retreat from Burgos, the campaign of Vittoria, the battles of the Pyrenees
Oman, Charles
Peninsular War, 1807-1814
On March 13th Wellington reluctantly carried out the orders from
the Horse Guards as regards his depleted cavalry regiments: the 4th
Dragoon Guards, 9th and 11th Light Dragoons, and 2nd Hussars of the
German Legion were ordered to make over their effective horses to
other regiments, and to prepare to embark at Lisbon. A paragraph in
the General Orders expressed Wellington’s regret at losing any of his
brave old troops, and his hope that he might yet see them again at the
front[348].
As to the infantry, the Duke repeating his general precept that
depleted battalions must come home, but not giving definite orders for
them by name and number, a curious compromise took place. Wellington
sent back to England the two weakest units, which were still in April
well under 300 bayonets apiece[349]: he had already drafted a third
into the senior battalion of its own regiment, which was also in the
Peninsula. Four more of the war-worn battalions had been worked up to
about 400 of all ranks, by the return of convalescents and the arrival
of small drafts--Wellington ventured to keep them, and to report them
as efficient battalions, if small ones[350]. The challenge to Home
authority lay with the remaining six[351]: though five of them were
well under 400 strong he nevertheless stuck to his original plan and
formed three provisional battalions out of them. If the Duke of York
wanted them, he must ask for them by name: he did not, and they kept
the field till the end of the war, and were repeatedly mentioned by
Wellington as among the most efficient units that he owned. Presumably
Vittoria put his arrangements beyond criticism--at any rate, the
controversy was dropped at the Duke’s end. The net result was that
Wellington lost three depleted infantry units and four depleted
cavalry units of the old stock--about 2,000 veteran sabres and
bayonets. In return he received before or during the campaign of 1813
four new cavalry regiments--all hussars[352]--and six new infantry
battalions[353] all much stronger than the units they replaced, and
making up about 1,600 sabres and 3,000 bayonets. He would probably have
said that his real strength was not appreciably changed by getting
4,500 new hands instead of 2,000 old ones. Certainly, considering
the effort that was required from the Peninsula Army in 1813, it is
sufficiently surprising that its strength was, on balance, only four
infantry units to the good--the cavalry regiments remaining the same in
number as in 1812.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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