A movement for reformation, which owed little or nothing to Wittenberg,
had been making rapid progress in Switzerland, and two of the strongest
cantons, Zurich and Bern, had revolted from the Roman Church. Its leader,
Huldreich Zwingli, was utterly unlike Luther in temperament, training, and
environment.
He had never gone through the terrible spiritual conflicts which had
marked Luther for life, and had made him the man that he was. No deep
sense of personal sin had ever haunted him, to make his early manhood a
burden to him. Long after he had become known as a Reformer, he was able
to combine a strong sense of moral responsibility with some laxity in
private life. Unlike both Luther and Calvin, he was not the type of man to
be leader in a deeply spiritual revival.
He had been subjected to the influences of Humanism from his childhood.
His uncle, Bartholomew Zwingli, parish priest at Wildhaus, and the dean of
Wesen, under whose charge the boy was placed, had a strong sympathy for
the New Learning, and the boy imbibed it. His young intellect was fed on
Homer and Pindar and Cicero; and all his life he esteemed the great pagans
of antiquity as highly as he did any Christian saint. If it can be said
that he bent before the dominating influence of any one man, it was
Erasmus and not Luther who compelled him to admiration. He had for a
teacher Thomas Wyttenbach, who was half Reformer and half disciple of
Erasmus; and learned from him to study the Scriptures and the writings of
such earlier Church Fathers as Origen, Jerome, and Chrysostom. Like many
another Humanist north of the Alps, the mystical Christian Platonism of
Pico della Mirandola had some influence on him. He had never studied the
Scholastic Theology, and knew nothing of the spell it cast over men who
had been trained in it. Of all the Reformers, Luther was the least removed
from the mediæval way of looking at religion, and Zwingli had wandered
farthest from it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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