+Coelho, Nicolau+, captain of the _Berrio_, 175; at St. Helena Bay, 5; crossing Kilimani Bar, 196; lost sight of, 14; alleged ascent of river in South Africa, 193; at Moçambique, 22, 27, 29, 197; at *Malindi, 44; at Calecut, 51, 66; at Anjediva, 83, 84; at Rio Grande, 152; return to Lisbon, 93, 94, 201 +Çofalla+, _see_ +Sofalla+. +Coge+ (Arabic, _Khojah_), lord, master +Coimbra+ (40° 10´ N., 8° 25´ W.), xxii +Coimbra, João de+, 30, 175 +Coins+ at Calecut, 128 +Coleu+, Coulão, Coulam (9° 10´ N., 76° 30´ E., Map IV), 98 +Columbus, Bartholomeu+, map of world, xix +Columbus, Christopher+, compared with Gama, xv; his first voyage, 189; his latitudes, xviii; his journal, xix +Compass+, Mariner’s, 26 +Compass+, equinoctial and variation, 168 +Conimata+, Sumatra? a corrupt spelling of, 101 +Convicts+, _see_ +Degradados+. +Copper+, 18, 96 +Cordeira, Luciano+, quoted, xxi, 2, 168, 225 +Cormorants+, 6 +Coromandel+ (south-east coast of India), 98 +Corongolor+, Crangalor (10° 10´ N., 76° 10´ E., Map IV), 97 +Correa, Gaspar+, his untrustworthiness, xx, 56, 193, 194; Herculano’s eulogy, xxxiii; Vasco’s ships, 164; his padrões, 169; his portrait, 150; number of men, 173; convicts, 48, 178; Gaspar da Gama, 179; Monçaide, 180; Davane, 21 note 4, 41, 181; departure from Lisbon, 185; doubling the Cape, 193; alleged mutiny, 194; transactions at Cananor, 79; concoction of a letter to the Zamorin, 58 +Correa, Manuel+, 178 +Correa, Ayres+, 158 +Cosa, Juan de la+, his chart, xix, 205 +Costa, D. Jorge da+, 112 +Costa, P. Antonio Carvalho da+, xiii +Coulão+ (Coulam, 9° 10´ N., 76° 30´ E., Map IV), 98 +Covilhã, Pedro de+, a priest, 177 +Covilhão, Pero de+, 24, 167 +Crangalor+, Quorongoliz (10° 10´ N., 76° 10´ E., Map IV), 97 +Cross-bows+, 10, 12 +Cross-staff+, 26 +Cruz+, ilha da, Brazil (5° S., 40° W., Map I), 14, 15, 205 +Cruz+, ilhéo da, Algoa Bay (33° 48´ S., 25° 45´ E., Map II), 15, 195 +Cruzado+, a Portuguese gold coin, weighing 71.25 grãos (4,608 grãos = 1 marc = 229.5 grammes) of fine gold, and consequently worth 9_s._ 8_d._ It retained this value up to 1555, when, being coined of gold having a fineness of 22⅝ carat only, its value was reduced to 9_s._ 2_d._ Up to 1499, 380 réis were accepted as the equivalent of a cruzado; between 1499 and 1517 the rate of exchange was 390 réis, and after that date 400 réis. This shows that the relative value of gold to silver was assumed to have been as 1:10 (in England about the same time the rate of exchange was as 1:11).