Poets, American -- 19th century -- Biography; Whitman, Walt, 1819-1892
Whitman agreed with Carlyle as to the infinite value to the race
of great men. He continually asserts their necessity to Democracy;
not, indeed, as masters and captains so much as interpreters and as
prophets. The truly great man includes more of the meaning of Democracy
than the little man, and is therefore the better fitted to explain the
purpose of the whole. Moreover, according to Whitman, it is for the
creation of great personalities that Democracy exists; for he differs
widely from the Platonic mysticism with its Ideal State as the goal of
personal achievement.
He includes in his philosophy of society what is best both in the
individualistic and the socialistic theories. He sees progress
depending upon the interplay of two forces, which he calls the two
sexes of Democracy[506]--Solidarity and Personality. It is for great
souls to declare in the name of Personality the fundamental truth
of Democracy, that every man is destined to become a god. They must
realise for themselves, and assert for the world, that a man well-born,
well-bred and well-trained, may and must become a law unto himself.
According to Whitman, the one purpose of all government in a
democracy is to encourage by all possible means the development of
Soul-consciousness in every man and woman without any exception.[507]
For, speaking generally, one may affirm that every fragment of humanity
is ultimately capable of the heroism which is the force at humanity's
heart; but each fragment can only realise its possibilities as a part
of the whole, and as sharing in the life of Solidarity.
To accomplish this destiny, and not for reasons of merit, Democracy
encourages and requires of every one a participation in the duties and
privileges of citizenship. And similarly, it requires that every one
should be an owner of property in order that each may have his own
material cell in the body politic.[508]
All persons are not yet prepared for citizenship; but such as are
minors must be wisely and strenuously prepared, for Democracy suffers
until all become true citizens.
The idle and the very poor are always a menace to Democracy.[509]
Even a greater menace, if that be possible, is to be found in the low
standard of womanhood which still prevails in America. Woman, if only
she would leave her silliness and her millinery,[510] and enter the
life of reality and enterprise, would, by the majesty of maternity,
be more than the equal of man. I think, though approving of women's
suffrage, he doubted whether it could effect the change he desired to
see.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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