Poets, American -- 19th century -- Biography; Whitman, Walt, 1819-1892
Fox's "Friends"--though the meaning of the title may originally have
been "Friends of the Truth"--were real friends; united in a new ideal
of communion. They shared the highest experience in common; meeting for
the purpose of entering together into "the power of the life".
And Whitman also realised that life at its highest is only revealed to
comrades. His view of religion was even less formal than that of the
early Quakers; but he, too, preferred to sit in silence with those he
loved, realising that Divine power and purpose which was one in them.
Quakerism has not unfairly been spoken of as a spiritual aristocracy;
there seems to be something essentially exclusive about it. On the
other hand, it is essentially democratic and would exclude none; but
the methods necessary to its conception of truth do not appeal to the
many.
Similarly, the Fellowship of Whitman's Comrades must be an aristocracy
of overmen--if the words can be divested of all sinister association
and read in their most literal sense.
Whitman recognised that his inner teachings could only be accepted by
the few, and for them he set them forth. But for the many also, he had
a message. And though the actual comrades of Whitman must be able to
rise to his breadth of view and depth of purpose, that purpose embraces
the whole world.
For the possibility of Comradeship is implicit in every soul; and
there is none--no, not the most foolish or perverted or conventionally
good--who is ultimately incapable of entering into it. The fellowship
must be as essentially attractive as was the personality of Whitman
himself; and if few should be chosen to be its members, yet all would
be called.
Once realised as the one end of all individual and social life, such a
Comradeship would transform our institutions and theories whether of
ethics, politics, education or religion. In a word, it would change
life into a fine art. For it could be no Utopian theory, but the most
practicable of gospels. The seed has been already sown, and we may now
await with confidence the growth of a tree through whose branches all
the stars of faith will yet shine, and in whose embracing roots all the
rocks of science will be held together.[651]
FOOTNOTES:
[636] W. M. Rossetti in _Anne Gilchrist_.
[637] _Cf._ Saintsbury's _Nineteenth Century Lit._, and Stephen's
_English Thought in Eighteenth Century_, ch. xii.
[638] _Camden's Compliment_, 73.
[639] _Cf._ W. H. Hudson's _Rousseau_, 245, 246.
[640] _Comp. Prose_, 287; Guthrie, _op. cit._, 100, 101.
[641] G. Gilchrist, _op. cit._
[642] Kennedy, 106, 178.
[643] _Cf._ Triggs' _Browning and Whitman_.
[644] Mazzini's _Duties of Man_, etc.; _cf._ Bolton King's _Mazzini_.
[645] See _supra_, 113-6, etc.
[646] Triggs, _op. cit._; Prof. Jones's _Browning_.
[647] Note added to _My Confession_ in 1882.
[648] _A Dream of John Ball_, and _Life of William Morris_, by J. W.
Mackail.
[649] _In re_, 244; _Comp. Prose_, 168, 169, 245; Camden, ix., 172.
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