[H] Dalston, Cumberland, according to Gibson: Turner (Hist. of the Anglo Saxons), supposes it to be Dawston, near Jedburgh. [I] Now Peterborough. [J] Uncertain--but the ditch Assendik is mentioned as the northern boundary of Croyland by the charter of Ethelbald, and described by Ingulphus as falling into the Welland. [K] Bishop of Lindisfarn, expelled because he would not observe the appointed time of Easter. [L] Unknown. Bede gives Pægnalauh as the place of his death, and Smith supposes this to be Pinkley, near Durham. [M] Henry of Huntingdon says that the birds fought and killed each other, and gives a similar story of his own time. [N] Perhaps some place near Cosgrave, Northamptonshire, if Stretford be Old Stratford (opposite to Stony Stratford). [O] Pepin 2d Mayor. [P] Uncertain, but Simeon of Durham says that this battle was fought “_juxta Eldunum secus Melross_.” [Q] This place uncertain--the final ee marks a Bishop’s residence, as Hagulstades-ee, Hexham. [R] Perhaps either Northallerton, or Aller-thorn, near Pocklington, Yorkshire. [S] Perhaps Kilcheth, on the southern border of Lancashire. [T] Inhabitants of the country east of the Severn--the ancient diocese of Worcester. [U] He had been deposed by Egbryht. [V] So it seems from a var. reading, “And Æthelstan his other (or 2d) son succeeded to the kingdom of Kent, to Surrey, and to Sussex.” Henry of Huntingdon and Roger de Hoveden also make Æthelstan the son of Egbert, but Ethelwerd, William of Malmesbury, and Asser, speak of him as the son of Æthelwulf. [W] Supposed to be Aston Tyrrell, Berkshire; or Ashendon, Buckinghamshire. [X] Omitted in the Cotton MS. the elder Sidrac having been killed before. [Y] Turner supposes this to be Morton, Berkshire, “because the Chronicle of Mailros, p. 144, places the battle at Reading, and according to the map Morton Hundred joins Reading, and contains both North Morton and South Morton.”--Hist. Anglo Saxons, vol. i. p. 240. [Z] So Lye explains sumor-lida, and with most probability; but Gibson translates it “_quies æstiva_;” and Henry of Huntingdon and Ethelwerd turn it into “_æstivus exercitus_.” [AA] The chief oath among the Northern nations. In Iceland, in the time of heathenism, a silver or brazen ring or bracelet was kept on the altars, and being sprinkled with the blood of sacrifices, it was touched by those who took any solemn oath. For the same purpose it was worn on the Judge’s arm during trials. See the Chrymogæa of Arngrim Jonas, p. 62 and 76. [AB] Over sea to Louvain, according to Ethelwerd. [AC] To oppose a fleet of heathen Germans. [AD] After the defeat and death of the King St. Edmund.--Simeon of Durham. [AE] It seems that Alfred had left part of his troops to watch the Danes in Essex, and had gone himself in another direction. [AF] Of Devonshire.--Henry of Huntingdon.