=Lhasa= ('God's house'), Tibet. 31N. 91E. Sacred city of Lamas, containing famous statue of Buddha. Forbidden to European explorers, but has been entered several times. (See Little's 'Far East.') =Liao-yang=, Manchuria. 41N. 123E. Japanese secured a victory over Russians, 1904. (See McKenzie's 'From Tokyo to Tiflis.') =Ligor=, Siam. 8N. 100E. Taken by Burmese, 1760, 1785. =Lohogarh=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. Mentioned by Ptolemy. Taken by Sivaji, 1648; by British, 1818. =Lonar=, Berar. 20N. 77E. Scene of struggle between Lonasur and an incarnation of Vishnu. =Lucknow=, United Provs. 27N. 81E. Contains mausoleum of Asaf-ud-Daula. Seized by Humayun, 1526; by Babar, 1528; native insurrection against British, 1857; recaptured by British, 1858. (See Mrs. F. A. Steel's 'On the Face of the Waters,' Kipling's 'Kim.') =Macao=, China. 22N. 114E. Portuguese bought right to settle here, 1557; Chinese barricaded it from rest of island, 1573; occupied by British, 1802, 1808; port declared free, 1846. Camöens res. here in exile, and wrote part of his 'Lusiad.' =Madakasira=, Madras. 14N. 77E. Captured by Mahrattas, 1728; by Hyder Ali, 1762; by Morari Rao, 1764; recaptured by Hyder Ali, 1776. =Madras=, Madras. 13N. 80E. British established here, 1639; besieged by Aurungzebe's general, 1702; by the Mahrattas, 1741; Fort George f. by Francis Day, 1744; taken by French, 1746; recovered by British, 1748; San Thomé, Portuguese settlement, f. in 1504, annexed, 1749; unsuccessfully attacked by French under General Lally, 1758, 1759. Cathedral of Saint Thomé supposed to contain remains of Saint Thomas. =Madura=, Madras, 10N. 78E. Taken by Malik Kafur, 1324; by Nawab of Carnatic, 1736; held by British for Mohammed Ali, 1764; ceded to British, 1801. =Mahaban=, Bengal. 27N. 78E. Alleged scene of childhood of Krishna. =Mahe=, Madras. 12N. 76E. Taken by French, 1722; by British, 1761, 1779, 1793; restored to French, 1815. =Malatiyeh=, Asiatic Turkey. 38N. 38E. Khosros I. defeated by Romans, 577; taken by Bajazet, 1396; by Tamerlane, 1401. Polyeuctus martyred here; great massacre of Christians, 1895. (See Corneille's 'Polyeucte.') =Mandalay=, Upper Burma. 22N. 96E. F. in 1859; became capital of Burma, 1878; occupied by British, 1885; partially destroyed by fire, 1892. =Mandawar=, United Provs. 29N. 78E. Taken by Tamerlane, 1399; plundered by Amir Khan, 1805. =Mangalore=, Madras. 13N. 75E. Visited by Ibn Batatu. Occupied by Portuguese, 1596; sustained terrible siege against Tippoo Sahib, 1782-3; taken by British, 1799. =Manila=, Luzon. 15N. 121E. Capital of Philippine Islands; f. by Spaniard, Legazpi, 1571. Plundered by Chinese pirates, 1574; blockaded by Dutch, 1602; taken by British, 1762; Spanish fleet destroyed by Dewey off coast, 1898. Severe earthquakes, 1675, 1824, 1863.