A Literary History of the ArabsNicholson, Reynold Alleyne
History
A Literary History of the Arabs
Nicholson, Reynold Alleyne
Arabic literature -- History and criticism
Kiláb b. Murra, a man of Quraysh, had two sons, Zuhra and Zayd. The
latter was still a young child when his father died, and soon
afterwards his mother, Fáṭima, who had married again, left Mecca,
taking Zayd with her, and went to live in her new husband's home
beside the Syrian borders. Zayd grew up far from his native land,
and for this reason he got the name of Quṣayy--_i.e._, 'Little
Far-away.' When he reached man's estate and discovered his true
origin he returned to Mecca, where the hegemony was wholly in the
hands of the Khuzá‘ites under their chieftain, Ḥulayl b.
Ḥubshiyya, with the determination to procure the superintendence
of the Ka‘ba for his own people, the Quraysh, who as pure-blooded
descendants of Ismá‘íl had the best right to that honour. By his
marriage with Ḥubbá, the daughter of Ḥulayl, he hoped to
inherit the privileges vested in his father-in-law, but Ḥulayl on
his deathbed committed the keys of the Ka‘ba to a kinsman named Abú
Ghubshán. Not to be baffled, Quṣayy made the keeper drunk and
persuaded him to sell the keys for a skin of wine--hence the
proverbs "A greater fool than Abú Ghubshán" and "Abú Ghubshán's
bargain," denoting a miserable fraud. Naturally the Khuza‘ites did
not acquiesce in the results of this transaction; they took up arms,
but Quṣayy was prepared for the struggle and won a decisive
victory. He was now master of Temple and Town and could proceed to
the work of organisation. His first step was to bring together the
Quraysh, who had previously been dispersed over a wide area, into
the Meccan valley--this earned for him the title of _al-Mujammi‘_
(the Congregator)--so that each family had its allotted quarter. He
built a House of Assembly (_Dáru ’l-Nadwa_), where matters affecting
the common weal were discussed by the Elders of the tribe. He also
instituted and centred in himself a number of dignities in
connection with the government of the Ka‘ba and the administration
of the Pilgrimage, besides others of a political and military
character. Such was his authority that after his death, no less than
during his life, all these ordinances were regarded by the Quraysh
as sacred and inviolable.
[Sidenote: Mecca in the sixth century after Christ.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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