History of the reign of terror at Athens under the thirty tyrants, 403.--What happened here must likewise have happened more or less in the other Grecian cities, which Lysander found it necessary to revolutionize. In all quarters his party consisted of men similar to Critias and his colleagues, who appear to have been long before united in clubs ([Greek: hetaireiai]) intimately connected with each other; from which were now taken the most daring revolutionists, in order to place them everywhere at the head of affairs. 27. Happy revolution in Athens, and expulsion of the thirty tyrants by Thrasybulus, favoured by the party at Sparta opposed to Lysander, and headed by king Pausanias. Restoration and reform of Solon's constitution; general amnesty. It was easy to reestablish forms;--to recall the departed spirit of the nation was impossible! ED. PH. HINRICHS, _De Theramenis, Critiae et Thrasybuli, virorum tempore belli Peloponnesiaci inter Graecos illustrium, rebus et ingenio, Commentatio_, Hamburgi, 1820. An inquiry which exhibits much research and impartiality. 28. The defeat of the younger Cyrus entangles the Spartans in a war with the Persians, the same year that, after the death of king Agis, Agesilaus takes possession of the regal dignity. We willingly forget his usurpation as we follow him in his heroic career. None but a man of genius could have instructed Sparta how to support for so long a time the extravagant character which she had now undertaken to play. Opening of the war with Persia by Tissaphernes's attack on the Aeolian cities of Asia Minor, 400.--Command of Thimbron, who, 398, is succeeded by the more successful and fortunate Dercyllidas.--Availing himself of the jealousy between Tissaphernes and Artabazus, he persuades the latter to a separate truce, 397.--Command of Agesilaus; his expedition into Asia, from the spring of 396 until 394. The conviction which he obtained of the domestic weakness of the Persian empire in the successful invasion of Phrygia, 395, seems to have matured in the mind of Agesilaus the idea of overturning the Persian throne: this design he would have accomplished had not the Persians been politic enough to kindle a war against Sparta in Greece itself. 29. The Corinthian war, waged against Sparta by Corinth, Thebes, and Argos, to which Athens and the Thessalians unite, terminated by the peace of Antalcidas. The tyranny of Sparta, and more particularly the recent devastation of Elis, a sacred territory, were the alleged pretexts; but the bribes of Timocrates, the Persian envoy, were the real causes of this war.