"Adult in winter plumage.--Differs from the summer plumage in wanting the facial markings and the rufous chest. Very similar to the winter plumage of O. geoffroyi, and distinguished chiefly by its smaller size, shorter bill, and shorter tarsus; there is also a little more brown on the ear-coverts. "Young.--Similar to the adults in winter plumage, but darker brown, all the feathers edged with sandy brown; eyebrow, sides of face, and under surface of body with a strong tint of sandy buff. 'Bill, angle of mouth, and ring round eyes black; legs clear gray; tarsus tinged with yellowish, toes with blackish, and soles with reddish; iris dark brown.' (Stejneger.) "The exact method by which the rufous chest of the summer plumage is gained is not easy to discover. In some specimens in winter dress there is a distinct narrow line of brown across the fore neck; in most of the series of skins in the Museum this is wanting, as it is also in young birds. It may therefore be a sign of very old birds only, as there are traces of brown feathers in an old bird which has not quite attained its full summer plumage. In the specimen in question it is also evident that the rufous breast is being acquired by a change of color in the feather, from brown to rufous, as well as by a molt. Probably only very old birds go through this double process, as in the majority of specimens the rufous breast appears to be gained by a molt only. When first developed all the rufous feathers are edged with white. "A young bird is described by Dr. Stejneger as somewhat resembling the adult: 'The brownish gray of the back is paler, and each feather narrowly edged with isabella-color, with which also the lower parts are suffused. On the pectoral region a buffish tinge replaces the rufous collar, and the black markings are absent from the head, the cheeks and ear-coverts being slightly dusky; the forehead between the bill and the eyes whitish, suffused with isabella-color.' "The winter plumage and young livery of the western and eastern forms of O. mongolus are, as might have been expected, very difficult to distinguish, but the western form seems always to have a longer tarsus (about 32 mm.), whereas the eastern form has the tarsus about 28 mm." (Sharpe.) 94. OCHTHODROMUS VEREDUS (Gould). EASTERN DOTTEREL. Charadrius veredus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. (1848), 38. Ochthodromus veredus Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1896), 24, 232; Hand-List (1899), 1, 153; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 23. Palawan (Platen, Bourns & Worcester, White). Mongolia and China, in winter to the Moluccas and Australia.