d1. Head grayer, much lighter than back, which is browner; tail clear gray tipped with white, the black bands in strong contrast; axillars barred with brown and white; wing, 200 to 220 mm. ... lugubris (p. 261) d2. Head browner, generally uniform with the back, seldom grayer; tail dark brown with blackish brown bars. e1. Smaller; wing, 197 to 210 mm. ... scutulata (p. 262) e2. Larger; wing, 218 to 235 mm. ... japonica (p. 263) b2. Wing-coverts spotted with white; outer edge of primaries with distinct rows of white spots. c1. Top of head uniform ... philippensis (p. 264) c2. Top of head more or less spotted. d1. Larger; wing, 195 mm. ... everetti (p. 265) d2. Smaller; wing, 162 to 175 mm. ... spilocephala (p. 266); reyi (p. 267) a2. Breast spotted or transversely barred with fine lines. b1. Much larger; wing, about 240 mm. ... spilonota (p. 266) b2. Much smaller; wing, 160 to 170 mm. ... mindorensis (p. 268); plateni (p. 268) 221. NINOX LUGUBRIS (Tickell). TICKELL'S HAWK OWL. Strix lugubris Tickell, Jour. As. Soc. Bengal (1831), 2, 573. Ninox lugubris Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1875), 2, 154; Hand-List (1899), 1, 290; Oates, Cat. Birds' Eggs (1902), 2, 329; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 47. Basilan (Steere Exp.); Luzon (Heriot, Steere Exp.); Masbate (Bourns & Worcester); Mindanao (Steere Exp.); Negros (Keay); Sulu (Bourns & Worcester). Himalayas, Indian Peninsula, Burmese countries.