A Manual of Photographic Chemistry, Including the Practice of the Collodion ProcessHardwich, T. Frederick
Science
A Manual of Photographic Chemistry, Including the Practice of the Collodion Process
Hardwich, T. Frederick
Photographic chemistry; Photography
The solution of Pyrogallic Acid may be used of the ordinary strength,
with a full dose of Acetic Acid. Only a faint image comes out at first,
but on pouring over the plate a fresh portion of the developer with two
or three drops of the Nitrate Bath added to each fluid drachm, it may be
intensified to any extent.
Fix with Hyposulphite of Soda, and wash in the usual way.
When the process fails, from heat of the weather or other causes, the
image will probably be feeble and red by transmitted light, and the
shadows defective and misty. This is especially likely to happen when the
Nitrate Bath is very old and contains much Acetate of Silver; or when the
same portion of Honey is used more than once, and has undergone partial
decomposition by the action of the Nitrate of Silver. The use of _pure_
Honey, free from mouldiness and fermentation, will, _in cool weather_,
almost certainly ensure success.
_A modification of the process when the plates are to be kept over four
hours._--In this case the whole, or the greater part of the Nitrate of
Silver must be removed before applying the preservative agent. Wash the
sensitive plate in water in the manner described for the Oxymel process
in the next page. Then apply the syrup as before, using it as thick as
possible. Honeyed plates, free from Nitrate of Silver, may commonly
be kept for five or six days; often much longer. Dr. Mansell, who has
employed this process with great success, speaks of _temperature_ as
a point to be attended to. In hot weather the same length of keeping
properties will not be attained.
_Use of Oxymel for preserving Collodion plates._--The principal difficulty
in the employment of Honey in Photography, is its disposition to ferment,
or to become mouldy. Fermentation occurs most readily in a dilute
solution, and will be obviated by using the syrup as thick and free from
water as possible. Mr. Llewellyn employs "Oxymel," which is a mixture of
Honey and Vinegar, as a preservative agent. This substance will keep even
in dilute solution for a long time without decomposition; and, being very
readily removed from the plates, does not interfere with the development
of the image. The preparation of Oxymel is described in the Vocabulary,
Part III.; it must be diluted with three or four parts of water, and
filtered.
Certain facts to which attention has been lately drawn by Dr. Norris and
Mr. Barnes in working with dry Collodion, may be advantageously borne in
mind when using Oxymel; the preservative solution of which is employed
in so dilute a state that the process resembles to a great extent a dry
Collodion process. The observations above referred to relate to the
quality of the Collodion best adapted for the purpose, and will be found
at page 298, to which the reader is referred.
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