A Manual of Photographic Chemistry, Including the Practice of the Collodion ProcessHardwich, T. Frederick
Science
A Manual of Photographic Chemistry, Including the Practice of the Collodion Process
Hardwich, T. Frederick
Photographic chemistry; Photography
_Coating the Plate._--Apply the Collodion in the usual manner, and allow
it full time to set perfectly, before dipping in the Bath, in order to
favour its adherence to the glass. With Collodion prepared from anhydrous
spirits, about half a minute may be given in cool weather.
_The Nitrate Bath._--Take of
Fused Nitrate of Silver 40 grains.
Glacial Acetic Acid 30 minims.
Alcohol 20 minims.
Water 1 fluid ounce.
Saturate with Iodide of Silver as described at page 204, and filter.
An immersion of one minute will be sufficient; after which, give the
plate an up-and-down movement, and wash it in plain water, in the manner
advised for the Oxymel preservative process, at page 292. Then stand it on
blotting-paper, to drain for a minute or two, wipe the back of the glass,
and pour on the Albumen.
This Bath may become discoloured after a time; continue to use it until it
is of a dark sherry-colour, and then treat it with "Kaolin," in the manner
and with the precautions advised at pages 91 and 245.
_The Iodized Albumen._--Procure eggs, fresh laid, or not more than two or
three days old. Separate the whites in the same way as for Albuminized
paper (p. 241), and mix by the following Formula:--
Albumen 9 fluid ounces.
Water 3 fluid ounces.
Liquor Ammoniæ 2 fluid drachms.
Iodide of Potassium 48 grains.
Bromide of Potassium 12 grains.
The Iodide and Bromide should be free from Carbonate of Potash, which is
said to cause pin-holes in the Negatives. To ensure the absence of this
salt, dissolve the total quantity of both Iodide and Bromide in the three
ounces of water advised in the formula; then, previously to adding the
Ammonia and Albumen, introduce _an excessively minute particle of Iodine_,
enough barely to colour the liquid. The Iodine decomposes the Carbonate
of Potash, but it must not be used in excess, since free Iodine possesses
the property of coagulating Albumen. Iodide of Cadmium also coagulates
Albumen, so that the Iodides of Potassium and Ammonium are the best.
Having mixed the ingredients in the order above given, introduce them into
a bottle, and shake it violently until they have thoroughly amalgamated.
Then transfer to a tall narrow jar; allow to settle for twenty-four hours,
and draw off the upper clear portion for use. Particulars of this part of
the process have already been given under the head of Albuminized Paper,
to which the reader is referred (p. 241).
The ammoniacal solution of Albumen may be kept for some time in a
stoppered bottle without much decomposition. If mucous threads form in it,
filter through fine linen.
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