OPERATIVE TREATMENT OF LUPUS.--We may here notice a mode of treatment which has admirable results. The patient being put deeply under an anæsthetic, the surgeon with a sharp spoon carefully pares away all the diseased tissues, and then destroys the base either by nitric acid or a strong solution of chloride of zinc. The author has done this in a great number of cases with excellent effect. NASAL POLYPI, _Removal of._--Of these there are different kinds. 1. ORDINARY MUCOUS POLYPI.--These grow from the spongy bones, generally the superior one, are non-malignant in their character, soft and vascular, often fill up the whole of both nasal cavities, and frequently hang down behind into the pharynx. The practical point to remember is that, however large and numerous they may be, they _invariably_ have their origin from a comparatively limited spot, the edge of the spongy bone, and _always_ hang from a narrow neck. Hence the treatment is easy and satisfactory, if the neck be attacked, and not the body of the tumour. Slightly curved, narrow-bladed forceps should be passed along by the side of the superior spongy bone, with their blades open, till the neck of the polypus is seized. Holding it firmly, the forceps should then be slowly twisted round till the neck is destroyed and the polypus detached. This should be repeated till the patient can blow freely through both nostrils. If attempts are made to seize the body of the polypus, it will break down under the forceps, bleed, and give much trouble. 2. THE FIBROUS POLYPUS.--This form is fortunately much more rare than the other. It is almost invariably single, is attached to the posterior margin of the nares by a narrow but very strong root, is extremely firm in consistence, may grow to a large size so as to obstruct both nostrils, generally gives rise to severe and frequent hæmorrhages. The hæmorrhage _during_ any attempt to remove it is generally of the most severe character, but ceases _immediately_ on its complete detachment. We owe nearly all that we do know about the treatment of this form of polypus to Mr. Syme. His method is--By the ordinary polypus forceps described already, he seized the tumour through the nostril, and then with the fore and middle fingers of the left hand introduced behind the soft palate, he attacked the point of attachment, and by his nails, aided by the forceps, detached it from its narrow base.[98] 3. MALIGNANT POLYPI should not be meddled with unless it is absolutely certain that the whole of the bone from which they grow can be removed also. This is very rarely the case. (See _Excision of Superior Maxilla_.) OPERATIONS ON THE LIPS.--1. Epithelial cancers of the lower lip are very frequent, and require removal.