_Mercators_-CHART, is that where the meridians are straight lines parallel to each other, and equidistant: these parallels are also straight lines, and parallel to each other; but the distance between increases from the equinoctial towards each pole, in the ratio of the secant of the latitude to the radius. _Globular_-CHART, a meridional projection, wherein the distance of the eye from the plane of the meridian, upon which the projection is made, is supposed to be equal to the sine of the angle of 45 degrees. This projection comes the nearest of all to the nature of the globe, because the meridians therein are placed at equal distances. _Chorographic_-CHARTS, are descriptions of particular countries. _Heliographic_-CHARTS, descriptions of the body of the sun, and of the maculæ or spots observed in it. _Selenographic_-CHARTS, particular appearances of the spots of the moon, her appearance and maculæ. _Telegraphic_-CHARTS, are descriptions of the telegraph on paper. _Topographic_-CHARTS, are specific delineations of military positions, in any given tract of country. Companies of topographers have been formed among the French, for the purpose of accurately and expeditiously pointing out to generals and commanding officers, all the relative points of locality, &c. See _American Mil. Lib._ article RECONNOITRING. CHASE _of a gun_. See CHACE. _To_ CHASE _the enemy_, means to march after them on horseback in full speed. To pursue a ship at sea. CHASSEURS. The French light infantry, answering to the American _riflemen_ and German _yagers_, are called _chasseurs a pied_; they have also _chasseurs a cheval_. The word means literally a _hunter_. CHAT, _Fr._ a piece of iron having one, two or three very sharp prongs, or claws; arranged in a triangular shape, when it has three prongs. This piece of iron is fixed to a shaft. It is used in the examination of a piece of ordnance, and by being introduced into the bore, shews whether it be honey-combed, damaged, or otherwise defective. There is another species of _Chat_ which differs a little from the one we have just described. It consists of two branches of iron, that are fixed to the end of a piece of the same metal, and have, each of them two steel prongs or claws. One of these branches contains a hinge with a spring so fixed, that when the _chat_ is put into the bore, the least cavity releases the spring, and the defect is instantly discovered. Master Founders, who by no means like the invention, call the common chat _Le Diable_, the devil; and they distinguish the one with two branches, by terming it _la màlice du diable_, the malice of the devil. CHATTER _les pieces_, _Fr._ to search, to probe, or examine pieces of ordnance with a chat, in order to discover whether there are any defects within the bore of a cannon. CHAUDIERES, _Fr._ are vessels made use of in military magazines, to boil pitch in, for various purposes.