_Direct_ BATTERIES are those situated opposite to the place intended to be battered, so that the balls strike the works nearly at right angles. _Reverse_ BATTERIES are those which play on the rear of the troops appointed to defend the place. _Glancing_ BATTERIES are such whose shot strike the object at an angle of about 20°, after which the ball glances from the object, and recoils to some adjacent parts. _Joint_ BATTERIES, _Camarade_ BATTERIES, when several guns fire on the same object at the same time. When 10 guns are fired at once, their effect will be much greater than when fired separately. _Sunk_ BATTERIES are those whose platforms are sunk beneath the level of the field; the ground serving for the parapet; and in it the embrasures are made. This often happens in mortar, but seldom in gun-batteries. BATTERY sometimes signifies the guns themselves placed in a battery. _Fascine_ BATTERIES, _Gabion_ BATTERIES, are batteries made of those machines, where sods are scarce, and the earth very loose or sandy. For a particular detail of all kinds of batteries, see _Toussard’s Artillerist_, No. I. c. 1. BATTERY.--Dimensions of Batteries. 1. _Gun_ BATTERIES.--Gun Batteries are usually 18 feet per gun. Their principal dimensions are as follow: _Ditch_--Breadth 12 feet. Depth 8 _Note._--These dimensions give for a battery of two guns 3456 cubic feet of earth; and must be varied according to the quantity required for the epaulment. _Epaulement_--Breadth at bottom 23 feet. Breadth at top 18 Height within 7 Height without 6 ft. 4 in. Slope, interior ²⁄₇ of h’gt. Slope, exterior ¹⁄₂ of h’gt. _Note._--The above breadths at top and bottom are for the worst soil; good earth will not require a base of more than 20 feet wide, which will reduce the breadth at top to 15 feet; an epaulement of these dimensions for two guns will require about 4200 cubic feet of earth, and deducting 300 cubic feet for each embrazure, leaves 3600 required for the epaulement. In confined situations the breadth of the epaulement may be only 12 feet. _Embrazures_--Distance between their centers 18 feet Openings, interior 20 inc. Openings, exterior 9 feet Height of the sole above the platform 32 inc. _Note._--Where the epaulement is made of a reduced breadth, the openings of the embrazures are made with the usual breadth within, but the exterior openings proportionably less. The embrazures are sometimes only 12 feet asunder, or even less when the ground is very confined. The superior slope of the epaulement need be very little, where it is not to be defended by small arms. The slope of the side of the embrasures must depend upon the height of the object to be fired at. The _Berm_ is usually made 3 feet wide, and where the soil is loose, this breadth is increased to 4 feet.