3. SCALPELLUM RUTILUM. Pl. VI, fig. 2. _S. (Foem. an Herm.) valvis 14 sub-rufis: carinæ tecto plano, utrinque cristâ rotundatâ instructo; margine basali truncato: lateribus superioribus latitudine duplo longioribus._ (Fem. or Herm.) Capitulum with 14 reddish valves: carina with the roof flat, bordered on each side by a rounded ridge; basal margin truncated: upper latera twice as long as broad. Mandibles with three teeth: maxillæ narrow, bearing only four or five pair of spines: segments of the second and third pair of cirri with one side wholly covered with spines. MALES, two, lodged in hollows, on the under sides of the scuta; pouch-formed, with four (?) rudimentary valves; no mouth; cirri not prehensile. Hab. unknown; associated with _Dichelaspis orthogonia_. British Museum. FEMALE OR HERMAPHRODITE. There is only a single specimen in the British Museum, and this had nearly all its valves separated, and many of them in fragments: from its state of decay, I think the specimen must have been dead, when originally collected. _Description._--The capitulum consists of fourteen valves, including from analogy a rostrum.[58] Valves, apparently covered with membrane, bearing some thin spines on the margins; clouded with a fine, though pale, orange tint; surfaces plainly marked with lines of growth. [58] In my first, and as I thought careful examination of the separated valves (my only materials) of this species, I mistook one of the triangular rostral latera for the rostrum, and hence was unfortunately led into an error in my ‘Monograph on the Fossil Lepadidæ of Great Britain,’ in which I state that the present species has only twelve valves in the capitulum; and I inferred from this, that _S. quadratum_, _S. fossula_, &c., had only twelve valves; I still believe this to be correct, but the existence of fourteen valves in _S. rutilum_ and _S. ornatum_, the recent species to which the above fossils are most closely allied, no doubt is a strong argument in favour of this higher number.