A Monograph on the Sub-class Cirripedia (Volume 1 of 2): The Lepadidae; Or, Pedunculated CirripedesDarwin, Charles
Science
A Monograph on the Sub-class Cirripedia (Volume 1 of 2): The Lepadidae; Or, Pedunculated Cirripedes
Darwin, Charles
Cirripedia; Lepadidae
_Cirri._--Posterior cirri moderately long, much curled, with the
segments (Pl. X, fig. 27) flattened and wide; the anterior surface
hemispherically protuberant, supporting six pairs of spines, of which
the lower ones approach each other; between these spines there is a
large tuft of very fine spines, of which the central ones are the
longest; there is an upper lateral group of very short strong spines;
dorsal tufts composed of short, fine numerous spines. _First pair_
seated close to the second pair, short, having in both rami eight
segments, whereas in the same individual the second pair, which is
nearly twice as long, had thirteen, and the sixth pair eighteen
segments. Rami of the first pair nearly equal in length, with their
segments, excepting the two upper ones, thickly paved with bristles, in
the midst of which a tuft of fine spines, as in the posterior cirri,
may be distinguished; the dorsal tufts encircle the whole of each
segment; the spine-bearing anterior surfaces are protuberant chiefly in
the upper part, so that they are oblique. The posterior (?) ramus has
its segments much wider than those on the other ramus; and amongst the
common spines, in the third and fourth segments, (counting from the
bottom,) there are some very strong spines with their upper ends
coarsely and doubly pectinated, each tooth being upwardly bent into a
rectangular elbow. In the fifth segment, some of the spines are doubly
pectinated with simple teeth; and most of the spines are doubly
serrated. The _Second_ (Pl. X, fig. 25) and _Third cirri_ have the five
basal segments (5/13ths of the whole number in the second cirrus, and
5/14ths in the third cirrus) of their anterior rami, extremely broad,
protuberant, and paved with serrated bristles, amongst which, (except on
the actual lowest segment,) there are some simply pectinated spines, and
others with their teeth elbowed, exactly as in the first cirrus. The
basal segments of the posterior rami of the second and third cirri,
differ from the three posterior cirri only in the spines being slightly
more numerous; but none of them are pectinated.
_Pedicels_, rather short; the upper segment resembles, in the
arrangement of its spines, the segments of the posterior cirri; the
lower segment is longer than the upper, and has _two_ tufts of fine
spines, between the two rows of long spines. In the second and third
cirri, these two intermediate tufts on the lower segment of the pedicel,
are not so distinctly separated from each other.
_Caudal Appendages_, very small, uniarticulate, blunt and rounded; tips
bearing a few, very short, thick spines.
_Alimentary Canal._--OEsophagus, somewhat curved at the lower end, where
it enters the stomach, which has no cæca; rectum, unusually short,
extending from the anus only to the base of the fifth pair of cirri.
Within the stomach, from top to bottom, there were thousands of a
bivalve entomostracous crustacean.
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