A Monograph on the Sub-class Cirripedia (Volume 2 of 2): The Balanidæ, (or Sessile Cirripedes); the Verrucidæ, etc., etc.Darwin, Charles
Science
A Monograph on the Sub-class Cirripedia (Volume 2 of 2): The Balanidæ, (or Sessile Cirripedes); the Verrucidæ, etc., etc.
Darwin, Charles
Balanidae; Cirripedia
The eyes of Cirripedes certainly undergo a remarkable series of
changes: in the larvæ in the first stage, there is a single eye,
perhaps formed by the confluence of two eyes, occupying the normal
position in the front of the head: in the second stage, according to
Burmeister, the eye has become double, but the two are as yet simple;
they are now situated posteriorly to the second pair of antennæ: in
the third or pupal stage, they remain in the same situation, but have
become compound, of great size, and are attached to the apodemes of
the antennæ: in the mature and fourth stage, they have moved someway
posteriorly, and again have become simple, of minute size, and are
either confluent, as in the Lepadidæ, or tolerably far apart, as in the
Balanidæ. It must not be supposed that the eye of the mature Cirripede
is metamorphosed from the eye of the pupa, for such is not the case;
the new eyes and old eyes being formed someway apart, and frequently
both can be seen within the pupa (as in Alcippe, Pl. 23, fig. 16) at
the same time. It is scarcely possible that the eye of the larva in the
first stage, can be changed into the double eyes of the second stage;
though these latter may possibly be multiplied into the eyes of the
pupa, as both continue to occupy nearly the same position.[65]
[65] Zenker, in his 'Physiological Remarks on the Daphnidæ,'
('Journal of the Microscopical Society,' 1853, p. 274), speaks of
a "tripartite azygous eye" as common amongst Crustacea, and as
occurring "in conjunction with the aggregated eyes in Artemia,
Argulus, &c.; but as appearing regularly in all the Branchiopoda
and Siphonostomata as the _earliest_ visual organ." Hence I
conclude that this azygous eye is the homologue of that single eye
which appears in the earliest larval stage of Cirripedes; and that
the compound eyes of the cirripedial pupa, answer to the aggregated
eyes of Artemia and Argulus, &c., with the difference, that in
these latter genera the single eye is retained. See, also, Von
Siebold, 'Anatomie Comparée,' tom. i, p. 435.
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