A Monograph on the Sub-class Cirripedia (Volume 2 of 2): The Balanidæ, (or Sessile Cirripedes); the Verrucidæ, etc., etc.Darwin, Charles
Science
A Monograph on the Sub-class Cirripedia (Volume 2 of 2): The Balanidæ, (or Sessile Cirripedes); the Verrucidæ, etc., etc.
Darwin, Charles
Balanidae; Cirripedia
I have as yet only alluded to the _circumferential duct_ (_i_, _i_, Pl.
28, fig. 4 _a_): we have not hitherto met with this duct, but I suspect
that the branches which in Chelonobia inosculate, and which seem to
run nearly parallel to the circumference of the basal membrane, answer
the same purpose of connecting the ducts together, and are, perhaps,
strictly homologous. In this, and some other species of Balanus, the
last-formed circumferential duct runs round the margin of the upper
lamina of the basal plate, close to the basal edges of the walls; and
as these latter have projecting longitudinal ribs, the duct curves
a little round each rib; so that the whole duct is formed by as many
short inwardly curved portions as the walls have ribs, or longitudinal
septa. Between the basal extremities of these parietal, longitudinal
septa, the extremities of the radiating septa of the basis project
and enter; and along the crests of the latter, little branch-ducts
(_i′_), proceeding from the circumferential duct, extend. In the basis,
beneath the tubes formed by the just-mentioned radiating septa, there
is a cancellated shelly mass (which, in fig. 4 _a_, was of unusual
thickness), and along the crests of the branching ridges forming this
cancellated mass, the sub-branches of the above branch-ducts (_i′_)
run; these soon become so minute as not to be distinguished by the
highest powers, and thus form a sheet of cement, which attaches the
last-formed zone of the shelly basis to the supporting surface. At
what point the membrane forming any one duct ceases, the cement-tissue
being alone left, I was not able to ascertain; but the lower parts
of the reticulated slip (_z_, _z_, fig. 4 _a_) closely resembled the
cement-tissue which surrounds the disc-segment of the pupal antennæ
in _Lepas australis_. The circumferential duct, here and there, forms
little loops, as may be seen in fig. 4 _a_: and often two branches,
running along the crests of two adjoining basal septa, proceed from
a common point of the circumferential duct. The cement itself, under
different parts of the basis, appears as little separate discs, as
threads, globules, and as a fine network, but most commonly as simple
layers. As each thick zone of shelly matter is added round the basis,
the exterior branches of the ducts, between the circumferential duct
and the new layer of cement beneath, are fairly imbedded in shell, and
are for ever hidden, without, indeed, acid be used for the dissolution
of the calcareous matter: so, also, the pre-existing ducts and glands,
and the main trunk, would all have been hidden, if the layer of
calcareous matter, which, I believe, is thrown down at each period of
growth over the entire surface, had not been of excessive tenuity.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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