John Eager Howard, the candidate for the vice-presidency, had hardly a less claim upon the recognition of his countrymen, for he joined the patriot army at the outbreak of the Revolution, and fought with marked gallantry at White Plains, Germantown, Monmouth, and Camden, and won special honor at the Cowpens in 1781. He was afterward governor of Maryland, declined the portfolio of war in Washington's cabinet, and was United States senator from 1796 to 1803. These facts are given to show the character and standing of the candidates of the Federalists in the presidential election of 1816. The following was the result: For President, James Monroe, of Virginia, Republican, 133; Rufus King, of New York, Federalist, 34. For Vice-President, Daniel D. Tompkins, of New York, Republican, 183; John Eager Howard, of Maryland, Federalist, 22; James Ross, of Pennsylvania, 5; John Marshall, of Virginia, 4; Robert G. Harper, of Maryland, 3. Vacancies, 4. Thus Monroe became President and Tompkins Vice-President. [Illustration: FIRST TRAIN OF CARS IN AMERICA.] CHAPTER X. ADMINISTRATIONS OF JAMES MONROE AND JOHN QUINCY ADAMS, 1817-1829. James Monroe--The "Era of Good Feeling"--The Seminole War--Vigorous Measures of General Jackson--Admission of Mississippi, Illinois, Alabama, Maine, and Missouri--The Missouri Compromise--The Monroe Doctrine--Visit of Lafayette--Introduction of the Use of Gas--Completion of the Erie Canal--The First "Hard Times"--Extinction of the West Indian Pirates--Presidential Election of 1824--John Quincy Adams--Prosperity of the Country--Introduction of the Railway Locomotive--Trouble with the Cherokees in Georgia--Death of Adams and Jefferson--Congressional Action on the Tariff--Presidential Election of 1828. JAMES MONROE. James Monroe, the fifth President of the United States, was born at Monroe's Creek, Westmoreland County, Virginia, April 28, 1758, and died July 4, 1831. It will be noticed that four out of the first five Presidents were natives of Virginia, and in course of time three others followed. It will be admitted, therefore, that the State has well earned the title of the "Mother of Presidents." [Illustration: JAMES MONROE. (1758-1831.) Two terms, 1817-1825.]