A new system of chemical philosophy, Volume 2, Part 1Dalton, John
Science
A new system of chemical philosophy, Volume 2, Part 1
Dalton, John
Atomic theory; Chemistry, Inorganic
7. _Mercury and lead._ To 90 parts of lead I put 167 of mercury (1 atom
of each); they united in a moderate heat and crystallized in about
180°. In a few days the mercury partly separated from the amalgam, and
56 parts were squeezed out, the whole was then put together with 90
parts more of lead (now 2 atoms lead to 1 mercury), and fused together;
the amalgam crystallized in about 200°, and remained in a solid uniform
mass.
8. _Mercury and zinc._ When 29 parts zinc and 167 mercury (1 atom
to 1) are heated together, they combine and form an amalgam which
crystallizes about 200°. A little of the mercury may be squeezed out
when cold. By putting 29 parts more of zinc (2 atoms to 1) we obtain an
amalgam which fuses considerably above 200°, and when cooled becomes a
permanent hard crystalline mass.
9. _Mercury and bismuth._ When 62 parts bismuth are fused with
167 mercury (1 atom to 1), the compound remains fluid at common
temperature, but crystallizes partially by standing; about ⅓ of the
weight may be poured off like fluid mercury. If we put 62 bismuth more
to the whole (so as to be 2 atoms to 1), the fluid amalgam crystallizes
about 150 or 180°: the mass is soft however and by pressure one may
squeeze out about 20 per cent. of a fluid amalgam. If we put 62 more
bismuth (so as to be 3 atoms to 1), then the compound crystallizes
between 200 and 300° into a darkish coloured granular soft mass which
continues without any change. Higher than this of bismuth I have not
examined.
10. _Mercury and antimony._ Antimony is said to form a feeble
union with mercury, which is soon loosened by time. I made several
unsuccessful trials to combine these two metals, which it seems
unnecessary to detail, as the compound when formed is no ways
interesting.
11. _Mercury and arsenic._ On the authority of Lewis an amalgam of
mercury and arsenic may be made by keeping them over the fire for some
time and constantly agitating the mixture. It is grey-coloured, and
composed of 5 parts of mercury and 1 of arsenic.
Most of the other metals are incapable, as far as is known, of
combination with mercury, excepting potassium and sodium considered
as metals, which combine with mercury; but these alloys are of little
interest, and the proportions have not been particularly investigated.
_Triple, quadruple, &c. Amalgams._
Besides those amalgams which are formed of mercury and each single
metal, there are others formed of mercury and alloys of two or
more metals, which in some instances possess properties differing
essentially from mere mixtures.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account