A new system of chemical philosophy, Volume 2, Part 1Dalton, John
Science
A new system of chemical philosophy, Volume 2, Part 1
Dalton, John
Atomic theory; Chemistry, Inorganic
_Deutosulphuret._ This compound is better known than the former: it may
be formed in various ways; one is by heating a mixture of deutoxide
of tin and sulphur in a retort almost to a red heat; sulphur sublimes
and sulphurous acid is disengaged, and there remains a yellow, light
shining, flaky mass at the bottom of the retort which is the sulphuret.
It was formerly called _aurum musivum_ or mosaic gold. Pelletier and
Proust were of opinion that this product is a sulphuretted oxide of
tin; but Dr. John Davy and Berzelius have rendered it more probable
that it is a true deutosulphuret, consisting of 100 tin and 54 sulphur.
It is insoluble in muriatic or nitric acid, but slowly soluble by the
compound of the two acids; it is also soluble in potash by heat.
By exposing it to a bright red heat, it burns with a blue flame and
leaves a yellowish powder which dues not seem to differ much from
protosulphuret.
Berzelius distilled a mixture of protosulphuret and sulphur at a low
red heat, and obtained a mass of a yellow grey colour and metallic
lustre, which consisted of 100 tin, and 14 sulphur, which is just the
mean sulphur between the other two. This would seem to indicate that a
compound of the two sulphurets, 1 atom to 1, is capable of being formed.
_Hydrosulphuret of tin_ minor. This compound is formed according
to Proust, when sulphuretted hydrogen, or an alkaline or earthy
hydrosulphuret is passed into a solution of protomuriate of tin. It
is of a brown or dark coffee colour when precipitated, and black
when dried. By heat it yields water and protosulphuret. From some
experiments I am inclined to believe, that it is formed of 1 atom
protosulphuret and 1 of water: or, which is the same, 1 atom protoxide
of tin and 1 of sulphuretted hydrogen. If this be right it may be said
to be a compound of 100 tin, 27 sulphur and 15 water.
_Hydrosulphuret of tin_ major. This name is given by Proust to
the yellow compound thrown down by sulphuretted hydrogen or by
hydrosulphurets from solutions of the deutoxide of tin. When dried
moderately, the precipitate is of a dull yellow colour, and vitreous
fracture, but I find it is almost black, dried in a heat of 150° or
upwards. By moderate heat it yields water, sulphurous acid, sulphur,
and the residue is deutosulphuret of tin according to Proust. I heated
4 parts of the above previously dried so as to become a black vitreous
powder; it burned feebly with a blue flame, and after being made
moderately red, left nearly 3 parts exactly resembling the artificial
protosulphuret. I believe the dried precipitate will be found to be
constituted of 1 atom tin, 2 sulphur and 1 water; that is, 100 tin, 54
sulphur and 15 water = 169 by weight; and that it loses 27 sulphur and
15 water by a red heat, which reduces the weight just one fourth.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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