[1144] Plutarch. Sympos. l. ix. c. 3. p. 738. Alpha likewise signified a leader: but I imagine, that this was a secondary sense of the word. As Alpha was a leading letter in the alphabet, it was conferred as a title upon any person who took the lead, and stood foremost upon any emergency. [1145] Pausan. l. 9. p. 733. [1146] Scholia in Aristoph. Βατραχ. v. 1256. [1147] Herodot. l. 3. c. 28. [1148] Αιγυπτιου Διονυσου Ευια φοιτητηρος Οσιριδος Οργια φαινων. l. 4. p. 126. [1149] Πατριδος αστυ πολισσον *** ** βαρυγουνον ἑον ποδ* **. Nonnus l. 4. p. 130*. [1150] L. 4. p. 128. [1151] Vossius de Idol. vol.3. Comment. in Rabbi M. Maimonidem de Sacrificiis. p. 76. [1152] Justin Martyr. 1. Apolog. p. 60. See Radicals. p. 59. [1153] Europa was the same as Rhea, and Astarte. Lucian. Dea Syria. [1154] Hence Nonnus alluding to the Tauric oracle, which Cadmus followed, calls it Assyrian: by this is meant Babylonian; for Babylonia was in aftertimes esteemed a portion of Assyria. Ασσυριην δ' αποειπε τεης ἡγητορα πομπης. l. 4. p. 128. [1155] Eusebius. P. E. l. 1. c. 10. p. 40. [1156] Appian de Bello Syriac. p. 125. Stephanus. Oropus. [1157] Pliny. l. 5. c. 25. [1158] Isidorus Characenus, apud Georgr. Vet. v. 2. [1159] Clemens Alexand. l. 5. p. 680. [1160] See D'Anville's Map of Syria. [1161] Bochart Geog. Sacra. l. 4. p. 305. [1162] Judges. c. 3. v. 1, 3. [1163] Genesis. c. 10. v. 17. [1164] Joshua. c.9. v. 3. and 7. [1165] Joshua. c. 15. v. 9. and c. 18. v. 25, 26. [1166] Eusebii. Chron. p. 27. [1167] Cadmus is called Καδμων. Steph. Byzant. Ιλλυρια. Berkelius has altered it to Καδμος, though he confesses, that it is contrary to the evidence of every Edition and MSS. [1168] Concerning Hivite Colonies, see backward. vol. 2. p. 207. [1169] Diodorus Sic. l. 5. p. 327. 329. [1170] Ibid. [1171] Pausanias. l. 1. p. 83. There was Oropia as well as Elopia in Eubœa. Steph. Byzant. Oropus in Macedonia. Ibid. Also in Syria: Orobii Transpadani. Europus near Mount Hæmus. Ptolemy. Europa in Epirus. Ibid. [1172] Strabo. l. 9. p. 619. [1173] Suidas. Epaminondas. [1174] Pausanias. l. 10. p. 863. [1175] Both Menelaus and Agamemnon were antient titles of the chief Deity. The latter is supposed to have been the same as Zeus, Æther, and Cœlus. He seems to have been worshipped under the symbol of a serpent with three heads. Hence Homer has given to his hero of this name a serpent for a device, both upon his breastplate, and upon his baldrick. Της δ' εξ αργυρεος τελαμων ην, αυταρ επ' αυτῳ Κυανεος ελελικτο δρακων· κεφαλαι δε ὁι ησαν Τρεις αμφιστεφεες, ἑνος αυχενος εκπεφυυιαι. Iliad. Λ. v. 38. [1176] Pausanias. l. 1. p. 40. Strabo. l. 7. p. 499. Aornon, and an oracular temple in Thesprotia. Pausanias. l. 9. p. 768. [1177] Και εν Αιγυπτῳ Ακανθος, Μεμφιδος απεχουσα σταδιους τριακοσιους εικοσι·--εστι δε ἡ Αθαμανιας. Steph. Byzant.