A Pictorial Atlas of Fossil Remains, consisting of coloured illustrations selected from Parkinson's "Organic remains of a former world," and Artis's "Antediluvian phytology."Mantell, Gideon Algernon
Science
A Pictorial Atlas of Fossil Remains, consisting of coloured illustrations selected from Parkinson's "Organic remains of a former world," and Artis's "Antediluvian phytology."
Mantell, Gideon Algernon
Paleontology
Thus we find the mechanism of the maxillary organs of the Wealden
herbivorous saurian, as demonstrated by recent discoveries, in
perfect harmony with the remarkable dental characters which
rendered the first known teeth so enigmatical. In the Iguanodon we
have a solution of the problem, how the integrity of the type of
organization peculiar to the class of cold-blooded vertebrata was
maintained, and yet adapted by simple modifications to fulfil the
conditions required by the economy of a gigantic terrestrial reptile,
destined to obtain support exclusively from vegetable substances;
in like manner as the extinct colossal sloth-like Edentata of
South America. In fine, we have in the Iguanodon the type of the
terrestrial herbivora, which in that remote epoch of the earth's
physical history--the _Age of Reptiles_--occupied the same relative
station in the terrestrial fauna, and fulfilled the same general
purposes in the economy of nature, as the Mylodons, Mastodons, and
Mammoths, of the tertiary periods, and the large pachyderms of modern
times.
Although some important data are still required to complete our
knowledge of the structure of the Iguanodon, we are warranted in
concluding that this colossal herbivorous reptile was as bulky as the
elephant, and as massive in its proportions: for, living exclusively
on vegetable substances, the abdominal region must have been largely
developed. Its limbs must have been of proportionate size to support
and move so enormous a carcass. The hinder extremities probably
presented the unwieldly contour of those of the Hippopotamus, and
were based on strong short feet, protected by broad horny ungueal
phalanges, or nails. The fore-legs appear to have been less bulky,
and adapted for seizing and pulling down plants and branches: the
teeth and jaws demonstrate the nature of its food; and the fossil
remains of coniferous trees, arborescent, ferns, and cycadeous
plants, with which its relics are commonly associated, indicate the
character of the flora adapted for its sustenance.[139]
[Footnote 139: Philosophical Transactions, for 1848, pp. 196-198.]
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