A Popular History of England, From the Earliest Times to the Reign of Queen Victoria; Vol. IVGuizot, François
History
A Popular History of England, From the Earliest Times to the Reign of Queen Victoria; Vol. IV
Guizot, François
Great Britain -- History
On the 13th of August the hostile armies encountered each other
between Blenheim and Hochstardt, near the Danube. The opposing
forces were nearly equal, but on the part of the French the
command was divided, and the corps acted separately. It was to
the honor of both the Prince Eugene and the Duke of Marlborough,
that during this long war they always combined their operations
without jealousy or personal intrigue. "We, the Prince Eugene and
I, will never quarrel about our share of the laurels." The prince
had with great difficulty succeeded in conducting his troops to
their assigned post. While this movement was in progress, public
prayers were begun in the allied army. "The English chaplains,"
says Lord Macaulay, "read the service at the head of the English
regiments. The Calvinistic chaplains of the Dutch army, with
heads on which hand of Bishop had never been laid, poured forth
their supplications in front of their countrymen. In the mean
time, the Danes might listen to their Lutheran ministers, and
capuchins might encourage the Austrian squadrons, and pray to the
Virgin for a blessing on the arms of the Holy Roman Empire. The
battle commences. These men, of various religions, all act like
members of one body."
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Marshal Tallard had sustained alone the attack of the English and
Dutch under Marlborough; he was made prisoner; his son was killed
at his side; the cavalry, deprived of their leader and driven by
the enemy, fled in the direction of the Danube. Many officers and
soldiers perished in the stream; the massacre was frightful.
Marsin and the Elector repulsed five successive charges of Prince
Eugene, and succeeded in securing their retreat; but the
electorates of Bavaria and Cologne were lost. Landau was
recaptured by the allies after a siege of two months. The French
army recrossed the Rhine. Alsace was gained, and Germany was
evacuated. "If the success of Prince Eugene had equalled his
merit," said Marlborough, "we would have ended the war in this
campaign."
The return of the Duke of Marlborough to England was a veritable
triumph. Parliament and the queen vied with each other in
generosity towards him. He received as a gift the estate of
Woodstock, which took the name of Blenheim. The foundations of a
magnificent palace were laid. In vain did the Tories, already
envious of the duke, seek to rival his victorious campaign, by
the maritime successes of Sir George Rooke; all eyes were fixed
upon the general, all hope centered on him; his influence in
England was equal to his power upon the continent. "If the duke
gains the same successes in 1705 as he has gained in 1704," said
the Tories, "the constitution of England will be lost." The
discontented were reassured.
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