The first trouble which West Jersey knew, was that Byllinge, the original proprietary, claimed the right to appoint the deputy-governor; this led to some dispute, but was finally settled by such alteration in the constitution as enabled them to choose their own governor; after which all went well. On the death of Sir George Carteret, the patentee of East Jersey, this portion of his estates was offered for sale, and William Penn and eleven others, in 1682, became the purchasers. But East Jersey, settled principally by Puritans, presented a different character to the western portion of the province. On the change of proprietaries, Robert Barclay, one of twelve Scotch proprietaries, several of whom were not Quakers, and who were now associated with the first twelve, was appointed governor for life; but he never assumed office himself, appointing Rudyard as his deputy. Great numbers of Scotch emigrants, principally from Aberdeen, Barclay’s native county, removed to East Jersey. Rudyard was succeeded as deputy-governor, in 1684, by Gawin Laurie, a Scotch Quaker and merchant of London, who endeavoured, but in vain, to establish a commercial capital at Perth Amboy, on Raritan Bay, to rival New York. Thus were the Quakers firmly established in the New World; like the Puritans of New England, whom they equalled in stability and every sterling quality of character, they took deep root wherever they fixed themselves. We must now follow them to the other side of the Delaware, where William Penn is at this very time planting his colony of peace. CHAPTER XXI. THE SETTLEMENT OF PENNSYLVANIA. Forty years before the grant of Pennsylvania to William Penn, the western bank of the Delaware river was settled by Swedes, as we have already related. Penn received a territory, the soil of which was already broken by the European planter. Of William Penn himself, one of the most remarkable men of his age, and the greatest of the American legislators, we must be allowed to say a few words. By his mother’s side he was of Dutch origin, and his father was Admiral Penn, commander of the English fleet at the conquest of Jamaica, and who afterwards distinguished himself under the Duke of York in the war with the Dutch.