It has been endeavoured to throw obloquy on Penn’s name from his political connexion with James II.; but as the tree must be known by its fruits, Penn’s reputation may safely be left to the test of his works. He founded a state based on the most liberal principles; self-exaltation or self-aggrandisement never formed a part of his plan; and the soundness of his legislative wisdom is shown by the fundamental principles of his government remaining to be those of Pennsylvania to the present time. Penn’s happiness in his province was, like all human happiness, of a very mixed character. Discontents and heart-burnings arose; a democratic assembly warred against a feudal proprietary, each wronging the other, because they were brought into unnatural juxtaposition. Besides the anxieties arising from the dissatisfied condition of a province which he had established with so much care and hope, Penn was harassed by embarrassed circumstances. Nobly refusing a revenue from his state, he was imprisoned for debt in his advancing years; and, to add still further to his distress, when his friend James II. was deposed, and an exile in France, he was imprisoned on an unsupported charge of keeping up a treasonable correspondence with him. In 1692, the government of Pennsylvania was taken from him, and placed in the hands of Fletcher, governor of New York. Two years afterwards, the suspicions against him being removed, he was restored to his rights—“the Territories,” or three lower counties on the Delaware, which in 1691 had withdrawn from their connexion with Pennsylvania and been indulged with a deputy-governor by Penn, now becoming once more a portion of his jurisdiction, having been reunited to the larger state by Fletcher, during his governorship.