A gradual increase of size took place, with occasional attacks of inflammation, until the abdomen acquired the dimensions of that of a woman at full term. The oppression now became so great, from the crowding of the lungs, that I decided to resort to paracentisis. Some two quarts of a thick, gelatinous fluid were drawn off from the tumor, with several quarts of ascitic fluid from the peritoneal cavity. The operation was followed by great relief. Rapidly refilling, the oppression again became severe, and the operation was repeated a few months later with similar results. Death finally followed from exhaustion. The post-mortem revealed an immense tumor, filling the abdominal cavity with extensive, firm adhesions, and crowding the lungs into the upper part of the chest. The walls of the sac were thick and semi-cartilaginous, and the interior divided into numerous compartments by septa passing in various directions. These compartments were filled with a gelatinous fluid, in which were innumerable cysts of various sizes, each filled with a similar fluid as that with which they were surrounded. The microscope showed the presence of numerous cholesterine scales in this fluid. The weight of the entire tumor was over fifty pounds. A portion was preserved and deposited in the College Museum.[27] The following parasites are also sometimes found in the human liver, or its ducts: _Distoma hepaticum_, or liver fluke. Common in the bile passages of lower animals, rare in that of man. It is flat, oval, from two to four lines long, and a-half to one line broad. Its presence in the hepatic ducts, may give rise to enlargement, some degree of obstruction, or calcification. _Distoma lanceolatum._ This parasite, something smaller than the above, is still more rare in the bile passages of man. _Pentastoma denticulatum._ This animal is found as a small cyst, with calcified walls, and containing fatty and calcareous matter, with the remains of the dead parasite. It is considered as the larval form of a worm sometimes found in the nasal cavity of the dog, and some other animals. _The Ascaris lumbricoides_ may be found in some of the bile passages, it having entered by the opening of the common duct into the intestine. 2. Affections of the Gall-bladder and Ducts. The gall-bladder is sometimes wanting, this being the normal condition in the horse and some other animals. When thus absent, the hepatic ducts are so increased in size, as to be able to contain the accumulating bile in the intervals of digestion. =Inflammation= of the gall-bladder and common duct, involving their mucous lining, is not uncommon. Such inflammation may be either _catarrhal_ or _suppurative_.