A practical guide for making post-mortem examinations : $b and for the study of morbid anatomy, with directions for embalming the dead, and for the preservation of specimens of morbid anatomyThomas, A. R. (Amos Russell)
Science
A practical guide for making post-mortem examinations : $b and for the study of morbid anatomy, with directions for embalming the dead, and for the preservation of specimens of morbid anatomy
Thomas, A. R. (Amos Russell)
Anatomy, Pathological; Autopsy -- Handbooks, manuals, etc.
He distinguishes three forms—(1) _the inflammatory_, (2) _the waxy_, (3)
_the cirrhotic or contracting_; the first originating in the tubules,
the second in the vessels, and the third in the connective tissue of the
organ.
1. _The Inflammatory Form._ This has three stages: that of inflammation,
that of fatty transformation, and that of atrophy. The disease may prove
fatal at any stage of its course. In the first stage, an exudation is
poured out, and a destruction of the epithelium takes place. This
exudation, affecting a large number of tubules, leads to enlargement of
the organ, and also to fatty degeneration of the epithelium; its
absorption or removal, leads to ultimate atrophy. There is also a _fatty
degeneration_, to which we will refer later, which is unattended either
with albuminuria or with dropsy, and which does not, therefore, belong
to this category.
In this stage of inflammation, the organ is of the natural size, or
slightly enlarged; its capsule is unaltered, and can be peeled off
readily; its surface is smooth, more or less congested, often pink,
sometimes of a dark purplish color, sometimes mottled, pale and purple.
On section, the cortical substance is found relatively enlarged, and
often congested. The Malpighian bodies stand out prominently from the
surrounding tissues, the congested vessels, separated by a varying
amount of white (somewhat opaque) deposit, composed of the altered
tubules. The vascular spaces between the cones and the cortical
substance are uniformly distended with blood. The cones are usually
redder than the cortical substances, and from the engorgement of their
vessels and the altered condition of their tubules, they present a
series of alternating red and white lines, converging to the apex of the
cone, at which point the white distinctly predominates. The pelvis of
the kidney is natural.
Examination with the higher powers of the microscope shows the
Malpighian bodies dense and granular. The tubules are more bulky than
natural, and their epithelium is swollen, granular and dense, while
within them is frequently seen a transparent homogeneous exuded
material, binding into one mass, the epithelium of the tubules. Blood
corpuscles are frequently found incorporated in this exuded material.
In the stage of fatty transformation, the organ is enlarged; its capsule
natural; its surface smooth or slightly lobulated. It is pale and fatty
in color, and on its surface stellate vessels are frequently seen. On
section, the cortical substance is pale, of a yellowish-white color, and
increased in volume, while the cones are pink, and of natural color and
size. The Malpighian bodies do not project prominently as in the first
stage.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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