A Practical Manual of the Collodion Process, Giving in Detail a Method For Producing Positive and Negative Pictures on Glass and Paper.Humphrey, S. D. (Samuel Dwight)
Science
A Practical Manual of the Collodion Process, Giving in Detail a Method For Producing Positive and Negative Pictures on Glass and Paper.
Humphrey, S. D. (Samuel Dwight)
Ambrotype; Photography
In salting and albumenizing photographic paper by the formula above given,
it was found that each quarter sheet, measuring eleven by nine inches,
removed one fluid drachm and a half from the bath; equivalent to about
one grain and three quarters of salt (including droppings). In salting
plain paper, each quarter sheet took up only one drachm; so that the
glutinous nature of the albumen causes a third part more of the salt to be
retained by the paper.
_Selection of the Paper._--The English papers are not good for
albumenizing; they are too dense to take the albumen properly, and curl
up when laid upon the liquid; the process of toning the prints is also
slow and tedious. The thin negative paper of Canson, the Papier Rieve, and
Papier Saxe, have succeeded with the writer better than Canson's positive
paper, which is usually recommended; they have a finer texture and give
more smoothness of grain.
To apply the albumen; pour a portion of the solution into a flat dish to
the depth of half an inch. Then, having previously cut the paper to the
proper size, take a sheet by the two corners, bend it into a curved form,
convexity downwards, and lay it upon the albumen, the centre part first
touching the liquid and the corners being lowered gradually. In this way
all bubbles of air will be pushed forwards and excluded. One side only of
the paper is wetted: the other remains dry. Allow the sheet to rest upon
the solution for one minute and a half, and then raise it off, and up by
two corners. If any circular spots, free from albumen, are seen, caused by
bubbles of air, replace the sheet for the same length of time as at first.
The paper must not allowed to remain upon the salting bath much longer
than the time specified, because the solution of albumen being _alkaline_
(as is shown by the strong smell of ammonia evolved on the addition of the
chloride of ammonium), tends to remove the size from the paper and sink in
too deeply; thus losing its surface gloss.
Albumenized paper will keep a long time in a dry place. Some have
recommended to press it with a heated iron, in order to coagulate the
layer of albumen upon the surface; but this precaution is unnecessary,
since the coagulation is perfectly affected by the nitrate of silver used
in the sensitizing; and it is doubtful whether a layer of dry albumen
would admit of coagulation by the simple application of a heated iron.
_To render the paper sensitive._--This operation must be conducted by the
light of a candle, or by yellow light. Take of
Nitrate of Silver 60 grains.
Distilled Water 1 ounce.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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