_Extrait ixora II._--Extracts No. 2 from _Pomm. Tubereuse_ 125 drachms, from _Pomm. Cassie_ and _Pomm. Réséda_ each 175; bergamot oil 2½, orris-root tincture No. 2, 125, musk tincture No. 2, 10, benzoin tincture 12½ diluted with alcohol 12½. _Extrait Frangipani II._--Extracts No. 2 from _Pomm. Cassie_ 375 drachms, and _Pomm. Jasmin_ 125; African rose geranium oil 12, cassia oil 2½, licari oil 3½, sandal-wood oil 1¼, orris-root tincture No. 2, 250, angelica tincture No. 2, 20, musk tincture No. 2, 12½, storax tincture 6 diluted with alcohol 6½. _Cologne water, eau de Cologne._--Owing to its excellent properties, Cologne water is, without doubt, one of the most popular perfumes. It was invented early in the eighteenth century, and is perhaps the only perfume which has kept its reputation for so long a time. It was formerly employed as a medicine in all imaginable diseases, and even now is in some cases successfully used in slight ailments, such as headache, nausea, etc. The success and reputation of Cologne water are the natural results of a good product prepared with a thorough knowledge of the subject. However, in order to be enabled to impart to Cologne water its generally known excellent qualities, it is necessary to have a thorough knowledge of the materials used, as well as to understand the method of fabrication, and the proper treatment of all. For the preparation of actually good Cologne water employment of the best materials is the first condition. The alcohol must be pure, _i. e._, free from fusel oil, and 95 to 96 per cent. strong, so as to effect a ready and complete solution of the volatile oils. The latter also should be of the best quality and proper age, _i. e._, neither too young nor too old. If too young or too recently distilled, the aroma is not thoroughly developed, and if, on the other hand, too old, they have lost the greater portion of their aroma, are thickly fluid, acquire a dark coloration, and are finally converted into a resinous substance in which condition they are entirely unfit for finer products. A cool and dry cellar is required for storing volatile oils, and they must also be protected from air and sunlight. Regarding the durability of the volatile oils used in the preparation of Cologne water, the following may be said:--