42 5 Fosdick, _The Desire for Immortality_, in _Adventurous Religion_. 44 10 W. R. Inge, _The Philosophy of Plotinus_, Vol. II, p. 166. 44 23 W. R. Inge, _The Platonic Tradition in English Religious Thought_. 47 30 Fosdick, _The Modern Use of the Bible_. 51 22 Cf. Rudolf Otto, _Chrysostom on the Inconceivable in God_, in _The Idea of the Holy_. Appendix I; cf. also the _Catholic Encyclopedia_, Vol. VIII, p. 452; cf. also William James, _The Varieties of Religious Experience_, Lecture III. 56 21 Lord Acton, inaugural _Lecture on the Study of History_, in _Lectures on Modern History_. 70 29 Otto Gierke, _Political Theories of the Middle Ages_— Translated by F. W. Maitland, p. 7. 71 14 From the Song of Roland, cited, Henry Adams, _Mont-Saint-Michel and Chartres_, p. 29. 72 18 For an analysis of the texts on which this claim was based, cf. James T. Shotwell and Louise Ropes Loomis, _The See of Peter_. 73 18 Cited in A. C. M’Giffert, _Protestant Thought Before Kant_, p. 44. 74 7 For a comprehensive condemnation by the Holy See of modern opinions which undermine the authority of the Roman Catholic Church, see the Syllabus of Pius IX (1864) and the Syllabus of Pius X (1907). The Syllabus of 1864 lists and condemns eighty principal errors of our time, and is described by the Catholic Encyclopedia (Vol. XIV, p. 369) as opposition “to the high tide of that intellectual movement of the Nineteenth Century which strove to sweep away the foundations of all human and Divine order.” The Syllabus of 1907 condemns sixty-five propositions of the Modernists which would “destroy the foundations of all natural and supernatural knowledge.” (Catholic Encyclopedia, Vol. XIV, [p334] p. 370.) It should be noted that there is difference of opinion among Catholic scholars as to the binding power of these two pronouncements, and also that their meaning is open to elaborate interpretation. 75 2 _Catholic Encyclopedia_, Vol. XIV, p. 766. 76 20 J. N. Figgis, _Political Thought in the Sixteenth Century_, Cambridge Modern History, Vol. III, p. 743. 79 4 Cf. J. N. Figgis, op. cit., p. 742. 80 20 For an able recent exposition by an American of this theory of absolutism, cf. Charles C. Marshall, _The Roman Catholic Church in the Modern State_. 85 24 Cited R. H. Tawney, _Religion and the Rise of Capitalism_, p. 44. 86 13 Cited Tawney, op. cit., p. 243. 98 6 The facts cited in this section are from: E. Mâle, _L’Art Religieux du XIIIeme Siècle en France_, and _L’Art Religieux de la Fin du Moyen-Age en France_. But cf. G. G. Coulton, _Art and the Reformation_.