A Quantitative Study of the Nocturnal Migration of BirdsLowery, George H., Jr.
Science
A Quantitative Study of the Nocturnal Migration of Birds
Lowery, George H., Jr.
Birds -- Migration
The well-marked decline before midnight in the migration rates at
Baton Rouge may be regarded as one of the outstanding results emerging
from this study. Many years of ornithological investigation in this
general region failed to suggest even remotely that a situation of
this sort obtained. Now, in the light of this new fact, it is possible
for the first time to rationalize certain previously incongruous data.
Ornithologists in this area long have noted that local storms and
cold-front phenomena at night in spring sometimes precipitate great
numbers of birds, whereupon the woods are filled the following day
with migrants. On other occasions, sudden storms at night have
produced no visible results in terms of bird densities the following
day. For every situation such as described by Gates (1933) in which
hordes of birds were forced down at night by inclement weather, there
are just as many instances, even at the height of spring migration,
when similar weather conditions yielded no birds on the ground.
However, the explanation of these facts is simple; for we discover
that storms that produced birds occurred before midnight and those
that failed to produce birds occurred after that time (the storm
described by Gates occurred between 8:30 and 9:00 P. M.).
The early hour decline in density at Baton Rouge at first did not seem
surprising in view of the small amount of land area between this
station and the Gulf of Mexico. Since the majority of the birds
destined to pass Baton Rouge on a certain night come in general from
the area to the south of that place, and since the distances to
various points on the coast are slight, we inferred that a three-hour
flight from even the more remote points would probably take the bulk
of the birds northward past Baton Rouge. In short, the coastal plain
would be emptied well before midnight of its migrant bird life, or at
least that part of the population destined to migrate on any
particular night in question. Although data in quantity are not
available from stations on the coastal plain other than Baton Rouge,
it may be pointed out that such observations as we do have, from
Lafayette and New Orleans, Louisiana, and from Thomasville, Georgia,
are in agreement with this hypothesis.
A hundred and seventy miles northward in the Mississippi Valley, at
Oak Grove, Louisiana, a somewhat more normal density pattern is
manifested. There, in four nights of careful observation, a pronounced
early peak resulted on the night of May 21-22 (Figure 29E), but on the
other three nights significant densities held up until near twelve
o'clock, thereby demonstrating the probable effect of the increased
amount of land to the south of the station.
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