A Quantitative Study of the Nocturnal Migration of BirdsLowery, George H., Jr.
Science
A Quantitative Study of the Nocturnal Migration of Birds
Lowery, George H., Jr.
Birds -- Migration
In spite of all that has been written about the great concentrations
of transient migrants on the coast of Texas in spring, I am not convinced
that they are of a different order of magnitude than those concentrations
that sometimes occur along the cheniers and coastal islands
of Louisiana and Mississippi. I have read over and over the
highly informative accounts of Professor Williams (_loci cit._) and the
seasonal summaries by Davis (1936-1940) and Williams (1941-1945).
I have conversed at length with Mrs. Jack Hagar, whom I
regard as one of the leading authorities on the bird life of the
Texas coast, and she has even permitted me access to her voluminous
records covering a period of fifteen years residence at Rockport.
Finally, I have spent a limited amount of time myself on the Texas
coast studying first-hand the situation that obtains there in order
that I might be in a position to compare it with what I have learned
from observations elsewhere in the region of the Gulf of Mexico,
Louisiana, Florida, Yucatán, and eastern Mexico.
Although the concentrations of birds on some days near the mouth of
the Mississippi River are almost incalculable, the fact remains that
in Texas the densities of transient species on the ground are more
consistently high from day to day. The reason for this may be simple.
As birds move up daily from Mexico overland, a certain percentage
would be destined to come down at all points along the route but so
dispersed in the inland forest that they might pass unnoticed.
However, that part of the same flight settling down in coastal areas,
where trees are scarce, would produce visible concentrations of
woodland species. With the advent of a cold-front storm, two
diametrically opposite effects of the same meteorological phenomenon
would tend to pile up great concentrations of migrants of two
classes--the overland and the trans-Gulf flights. During the
prepolar-front weather the strong southerly (from the south) and
southeasterly winds would tend to displace much of the trans-Gulf
segment to the western part of the Gulf. With the shift of the winds
to the north and northwest, which always occurs as the front passes,
the overland flight still in the air would tend to be banked up
against the coast, and the incoming trans-Gulf flight would be
confronted with a barrier, resulting in the precipitation of birds on
the first available land.
These postulated conditions are duplicated in part in autumn along the
Atlantic coast of the eastern United States. There, as a result of the
excellent work of Allen and Peterson (1936) and Stone (1937), a
similar effect has been demonstrated when northwest winds shove the
south-bound flights up against the coast of New Jersey and concentrate
large aggregations of migrants there.
_Interior of the United States_
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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