A Quantitative Study of the Nocturnal Migration of BirdsLowery, George H., Jr.
Science
A Quantitative Study of the Nocturnal Migration of Birds
Lowery, George H., Jr.
Birds -- Migration
First, however, it is helpful as a starting point to consider the
over-all picture created by the flight trends computed from this
study. In Figure 38, the individual sector vectors are mapped for the
season for all stations with sufficient data. The length of each
sector vector is determined as follows: the over-all seasonal density
for the station is regarded as 100 percent, and the total for the
season of the densities in each individual sector is then expressed as
a percentage. The results show the directional spread at each station.
In Figure 39, the direction of the over-all vector resultant, obtained
from the sector vectors on the preceding map, is plotted to show the
net trend at each station.
As is evident from the latter figure, the direction of the net trend
at Progreso, Yucatán, is decidedly west of north (N 26° W). At Tampico
this trend is west of north (N 11° W), but not nearly so much so as at
Progreso. In Texas, Louisiana, Georgia, Tennessee, and Kentucky, it is
decidedly east of north. In the upper Mississippi Valley and in the
eastern part of the Great Plains, the flow appears to be northward or
slightly west of north. At Winter Park, Florida, migration follows in
general the slant of the Florida Peninsula, but, the meager data from
Thomasville, Georgia, do not indicate a continuation of this trend.
It might appear, on the basis of the foregoing data, that birds
migrate along or parallel to the southeast-northwest extension of the
land masses of Central America and southern Mexico. This would carry
many of them west of the meridian of their ultimate goal, obliging
them to turn back eastward along the lines of net trend in the Gulf
states and beyond. This curved trajectory is undoubtedly one of the
factors--but certainly not the only factor--contributing to the effect
known as the "coastal hiatus." The question arises as to whether this
northwestward trend in the southern part of the hemisphere is a
consequence of birds following the land masses or whether instead it
is the result of some other natural cause such as a response to
prevailing winds. I am inclined to the opinion that both factors are
important. Facts pertinent to this opinion are given below.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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