A Report upon the Mollusk Fisheries of MassachusettsMassachusetts. Commissioners on Fisheries and Game
Science
A Report upon the Mollusk Fisheries of Massachusetts
Massachusetts. Commissioners on Fisheries and Game
Shellfish fisheries -- Massachusetts
At Nantucket about 5 per cent. of the entire catch is "little necks,"
which are found mostly at Tuckernuck. The quahauger usually makes three
culls of his catch: (1) "little necks"; (2) medium; (3) large. A few
blunts are obtained. The quahaugs are shipped chiefly to New York and
Boston markets, either directly by the quahaugers or through Nantucket
firms.
The boats used in the industry, numbering 24 sail, 6 power and 10
single dories, and approximating $6,150 in value, are in a way
transitory capital, and are used in the winter for scalloping and other
fishing. Nevertheless, it is necessary to class them as capital used in
the quahaug fishery.
No special town laws are made for the regulation of the Nantucket
quahaug fishery, although at any time by vote of the town suitable
regulations and by-laws can be made.
Quahaugs have probably always been abundant at Nantucket, as over fifty
years ago they were reported as plentiful. It is only of late years
that the fishery has assumed any great importance, when the increasing
prices, especially for the "little necks," made it profitable for men
to enter the business. As it is, many men now quahaug only when they
have nothing else to do.
From the statistics of the United States Fish Commission for 1879 we
find that the annual catch for that year amounted to 150 bushels,
valued at $75. As a striking contrast to this, the present production
of 6,294 bushels, valued at $8,487, shows the great development of the
fishery, which has been caused by more men entering the business, the
opening up of new beds, such as the "little neck" beds of Tuckernuck,
and the improved methods of raking in the deep water.
It is rather difficult to state definitely, from lack of past
statistical figures, whether Nantucket industry is declining or
improving. Between 1879 and 1906 no records are obtainable. The
production figures for 1906 show 6,477 bushels, as compared with 6,144
bushels in 1907. Whether there was merely a sudden temporary increase
in the supply by the opening up of new beds in 1906, or whether there
is a steady decline, can only be determined by the production of future
years. Many indications point to the latter, in spite of the assurance
of the quahaugers that 1907 was a good season, because of high market
prices.
The last few years have witnessed a change in the quahaug fishery,--a
realization that there is more money in planting and raising quahaugs
than in oyster culture. The out-of-State oystermen, especially in New
York, have been the first to realize this, and have been buying, at the
rate of $4 to $5 per bushel, all the small quahaugs they can procure,
merely replanting, to reap the following year a yield of 3 to 6 bushels
for every bushel planted.
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