Aërial Navigation: A Popular Treatise on the Growth of Air Craft and on Aëronautical MeteorologyZahm, Albert Francis
History
Aërial Navigation: A Popular Treatise on the Growth of Air Craft and on Aëronautical Meteorology
Zahm, Albert Francis
Aeronautics; Meteorology
“‘After several revolutions of the propellers, and a few yards
covered at a moderate speed, we were off at a high rate of
travel,’ wrote Ader, who was at the wheel on this memorable
occasion. ‘The pressure was about 7 atmospheres. Almost
immediately the vibrations of the rear wheel ceased, and,
directly after, those of the front wheels were no longer felt,
showing that we had entirely left the ground. Unfortunately
the wind had increased in strength, and I had some difficulty
in keeping to the line that had been marked out. I increased
the pressure to 9 atmospheres, and immediately the speed
increased considerably, the vibrations ceased again, showing
that we had once more left the ground. Under the influence of
the wind the aëroplane had a constant tendency to drift to
the right, away from the circular track that had been marked
for it. Finally, with the wind broadside on, the machine was
in a rather dangerous position, for it was being still more
rapidly driven out of its course. I increased the pressure
still more and put the rudder hard over to the left, with the
result that for a few seconds the machine worked back towards
the track and still maintained itself in the air. But it was
impossible to struggle against the wind, and finding that the
machine was being carried towards some artillery sheds, and
somewhat unnerved by the speed at which the ground appeared to
be rushing past, I stopped the engine; there was a shock, and I
was on the ground.’
“Ader was uninjured, but his machine was rather badly smashed.
It had certainly flown, but with such difficulty in the face of
the wind that the army commission was evidently little inclined
to report favorably upon it. Several weeks passed without any
communication being received from the War Department; then it
became apparent to Ader that the Government had no longer faith
in his invention. This was proved early in the following year
by an official communication to the effect that no further
funds could be allotted to this work. Discouraged at the
abandonment after forty years’ labor and the expenditure of
about two million francs, Ader commenced the destruction of his
machines. The earlier ones were destroyed, but the _Avion_, the
one which had appeared before the army commission, was saved
and sent to the Museum of the Arts et Métiers in Paris.”
The last aëroplane, or _Avion_, weighed 1,100 pounds, spread 270 square
feet, and was driven by a 40-horse-power steam engine actuating twin
screws projecting before the bird-shaped flyer. The engine weighed but
7 pounds per horse power—quite a remarkable achievement for that day.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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