ĒMANCĬPĀTĬO, was an act by which the _patria potestas_ was dissolved in the lifetime of the parent, and it was so called because it was in the form of a sale (_mancipatio_). By the laws of the Twelve Tables it was necessary that a son should be sold three times in order to be released from the paternal power, or to be _sui juris_. In the case of daughters and grandchildren, one sale was sufficient. The father transferred the son by the form of a sale to another person, who manumitted him, upon which he returned into the power of the father. This was repeated, and with the like result. After a third sale, the paternal power was extinguished, but the son was re-sold to the parent, who then manumitted him, and so acquired the rights of a patron over his emancipated son, which would otherwise have belonged to the purchaser who gave him his final manumission. EMBAS (ἐμβάς), a shoe worn by men, and which appears to have been the most common kind of shoe worn at Athens. Pollux says that it was invented by the Thracians, and that it was like the low cothurnus. The _embas_ was also worn by the Boeotians, and probably in other parts of Greece. EMBĂTEIA (ἐμβατεία). In Attic law this word (like the corresponding English one, _entry_), was used to denote a formal taking possession of real property. Thus, when a son entered upon the land left him by his father, he was said ἐμβατεύειν or βαδίζειν εἰς τὰ πατρῳα, and thereupon he became _seised_, or possessed of his inheritance. If any one disturbed him in the enjoyment of this property, with an intention to dispute the title, he might maintain an action of ejectment, ἐξούλης δίκη. Before entry he could not maintain such action. EMBLĒMA (ἔμβλημα, ἔμπαισμα), an inlaid ornament. The art of inlaying was employed in producing beautiful works of two descriptions, viz.;--1st, those which resembled our marquetry, buhl, and Florentine mosaics; and 2dly, those in which crusts (_crustae_), exquisitely wrought in bas-relief and of precious materials, were fastened upon the surface of vessels or other pieces of furniture. To the latter class of productions belonged the cups and plates which Verres obtained by violence from the Sicilians, and from which he removed the emblems for the purpose of having them set in gold instead of silver. ĒMĔRĬTI, the name given to those Roman soldiers who had served out their time, and had exemption (_vacatio_) from military service. The usual time of service was twenty years for the legionary soldiers, and sixteen for the praetorians. At the end of their period of service they received a bounty or reward (_emeritum_), either in lands or money, or in both.