The colony of Providence Isle was of little weight, and the charter
of the proprietary Company, accordingly, has received scant
attention. That document, however, issued twenty-one months later
than that of the Massachusetts Bay Company, is in many ways the
culmination of the series of grants to English corporations for
colonizing purposes. All the powers granted to proprietaries in
earlier charters, including those which were dropped out in the
Massachusetts charter, reappear here; and in some important matters
there is much new detail. A study of this document removes the last
possible basis for the claims of the older New England historians
that the Massachusetts charter was in any peculiar way adapted to
the purpose of a transfer to America.
1. _Puritan membership._--The incorporators comprise the Earl of
Warwick, Lord Say and Sele, Sir Nathaniel Rich, Oliver St. Johns,
and John Pym,--all prominent leaders of the Puritan party, more
prominent than any Puritans in the Massachusetts Company.
2. _Sectarianism._--The Company is given the "Patronages and
Advowsons" of "all" churches and chapells,--without even a
restriction as to the customs of the Church of England (such as
is found in the Baltimore charter). If this provision had been in
the Massachusetts charter, Puritan historians would have found it
certain proof of an intention to build a non-conformist state.
The passage conferring authority to impose the oath of supremacy
is copied from the charters of 1612 and 1629. No other sectarian
restriction occurs.
3. _Place of meeting._--The Company are to govern themselves
and their settlement (as the Virginia Company of 1612 and the
Massachusetts Bay Company) in four "General Courts" each year; but
these courts are to be held "_in any place or places by themselves
to be appointed_." (And, again, the Company is authorized to hold
its courts "_in any place or places convenient_"). Surely, this
disposes of the ancient argument that the omission of a specific
place of meeting in the Massachusetts charter suggests an intention
to establish some place out of England.
The facts as to a specific meeting place for a colonizing
corporation in England seem to be as follows:
_a._ The charter of 1606 establishes two sub-companies, which
necessarily are designated geographically to distinguish one
from the other; and the charters of 1609, 1612, and 1620 use
geographical designations, necessarily, to show to which one of
those sub-companies they respectively apply.
_b._ But the "Plymouth Council" (charter of 1620) did not regard
its geographical designation as fixing its place of meeting, or
else it found it necessary to ignore the restriction. All its
meetings were held, not at Plymouth, but in London.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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