11. You are lastly required and impowered to advise order settle and dispose of all matters relating to the good governmt improvement and management of our Forraine Plantacôns or any of them, with your utmost skill direccon and prudence. And in all cases wherein you shall judge that further powers and assistants shall be necessary, you are to addresse your selves to us [or] our Privy Councill for our further pleasure resolucôn and direccôns therein. 100. The Commercial Policy _a. "First"[91] Navigation Act, 1660_ _Statutes of the Realm_, V, 246-250. The act is known as 12 Car. II, c. 18. The text would fill some ten pages of this volume. For history and references upon this and subsequent navigation acts, cf. _American History and Government_, ## 96, 116. AN ACT for the Encourageing and increasing of Shipping and Navigation. [1.] For the increase of Shiping and incouragement of the Navigation of this Nation, (wherin, under the good providence and protection of God, the Wealth, Safety, and Strength of this Kingdome is soe much concerned), Bee it Enacted by the Kings most Excellent Majesty and by the Lords and Commons in this present Parliament assembled and the Authoritie therof, that from and after [December 1, 1660], and from thence forward, noe Goods or Commodities whatsoever shall be Imported into or Exported out of any Lands, Islelands, Plantations, or Territories to his Majesty belonging or in his possession or which may hereafter belong unto or be in the possession of His Majesty His Heires and Successors, in Asia, Africa, or America, in any other Ship or Ships, Vessell or Vessells whatsoever, but in such Ships or Vessels as doe truely and without fraude belong onely to the people of England or Ireland, Dominion of Wales, or Towne of Berwicke upon Tweede, or are of the built of, and belonging to any of the said Lands, Islands, Plantations, or Territories ... and whereof the Master and three fourthes of the Marriners at least are English,[92] under the penalty of the Forfeiture [of Vessell and Cargo].... [III. In like words, limits the commerce of England herself to the same shipping.] [XVIII.] And it is further Enacted ... That from and after ... [April 1, 1661] ... noe Sugars, Tobaccho, Cotton-Wool, Indicoes, Ginger, Fustick, or other dyeing wood, of the Growth, Production, or Manufacture of any English Plantations in America, Asia or Africa shall be shiped, carryed, conveyed, or transported from any of the said English Plantations to any Land, Island, Territory, Dominion, Port, or place whatsoever, other than to such other English Plantations as doe belong to His Majesty His Heires and Successors, or to the Kingdome of England or Ireland or Principallity of Wales or Towne of Berwicke upon Tweede ... under penalty of forfeiture [as before].... _b. Second Navigation Act, 1663_ _Statutes of the Realm_, V, 449-452 (15 Car. II, c. 7).